Global Dimensions of Technological Change

本研究的目的是分析技术 全球化的影响。 全球化被定义为两个 一个朝着建立一个世界范围的 一体化经济。 这一过程包括整合 要素和商品市场以及国际协调 全球环境所需的经济政策 问题，对产品标准日益增长的需求，以及 加强宏观经济联系。 全球化影响所有阶段 技术创造力-最初的发明，生存， 扩散 这个项目的主题是非常复杂的， 因为它关注的是全球化如何 可能会影响发明的速度， 发明，它们可能的生存，以及它们的扩散。 这项研究将首先建立一个进化模型， 多样性，直接利用不断增长的文献， 承认技术变革是一个进化过程。 一个 制度与社会关系的历史分析 技术变革表明，某种程度的兴趣- 经济竞争力是维护 技术创造力。 该项目的第二部分将 从这一点来分析1871年以后的技术史， 风景 第三，该项目将侧重于政治经济， 通过描述和分析技术进步的阻力， 它，使用历史和模拟技术。 这 研究可能表明，许多竞争对手 经济是抵御这种阻力的最佳保证。 如何 并分析全球化可能对这一阻力产生的影响。

The purpose of this research is to analyze the technological implications of globalization. Globalization is defined as a two pronged process moving toward the creation of a world-wide integrated economy. This process consists of the integration of factor and commodity markets and the international coordination of economic policies necessitated by global environmental problems, the growing need for product standards, and ever tighter macroeconomic linkages. Globalization affects all stages of technological creativity-- initial invention, survival, and diffusion. The over arching theme of this project is extremely important because it focuses on the issue of how globalization might affect the rate of invention, the diversity of new inventions, their likely survival, and their diffusion. The research will first develop evolutionary models of decreasing diversity that draw directly on the growing literature that recognizes technological change as an evolutionary process. An historical analysis of the relation between institutions and technological change suggests that a certain level of inter- economy competitiveness is essential for the preservation of technological creativity. The second part of the project will analyze the history of technology after 1871 from this point of view. Third, the project will focus on the political economy of technological progress by describing and analyzing resistance to it, using both historical and simulation techniques. This research is likely to suggest that a multitude of competitive economies is the best guarantee against such resistance. How globalization might affect this resistance will also be analyzed.