Scaling of the Mechanics and Energetics of Mammalian Muscle Fibers with Body Size

哺乳动物肌肉纤维的力学和能量学与体型的关系

• 批准号: 9205397
• 负责人: Lawrence Rome
• 金额: $ 19万
• 依托单位: University of Pennsylvania
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1992
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1992-09-15 至 1996-02-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9205397&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Scaling; Mechanics; Energetics; Mammalian; Muscle

Small animals move their limbs at higher frequencies than animals and it costs more energy per gram for a small animal to move a given distance than for than for a large one. The questions we address in the grant is the muscular system designed to permit much more energy for small animals to run than large ones? It has been hypothesized that the underlying mechanisms lies in the properties of the muscle fibers. The fibers of the small animals are thought to have maximum velocity of shortening (Vmax) which enables them to shorten faster and generate force and relax faster- -a necessity for the high frequencies aty which they run. But there is a price: fibers with high V(max's) use far more energy to generate force, thus potentially explaining why it is more costly for small animals to run. With the new techniques that we have developed, we will test the above hypothesis by measuring how V(max) and the energetic cost of generating force of different fiber types scales with body size in mammals ranging from mice to horses.

小动物的肢体运动频率比动物高 每克的能量对于一个小动物来说 一个比一个大，一个比一个大。我们的问题 地址在赠款是肌肉系统的目的是允许多 小动物跑起来比大动物有更多的能量 据推测，潜在的机制在于 肌肉纤维的特性。小动物的纤维 被认为具有最大缩短速度（Vmax）， 使它们能够更快地缩短、产生力量并更快地放松- - 它们运行的高频aty的必要性。但 这是有代价的：具有高V（max）的纤维使用更多的能量来 产生力量，从而可能解释为什么成本更高 让小动物奔跑。 利用我们开发的新技术，我们将测试 通过测量V（max）和能量成本， 不同纤维类型的产生力与体型大小成比例， 从老鼠到马的哺乳动物。