Monograph of Bactris (Palmae) for Flora Neotropica

新热带植物区系 Bactris（棕榈）专着

• 批准号: 9207311
• 负责人: Andrew Henderson
• 金额: $ 21.5万
• 依托单位: New York Botanical Garden
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1992
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1992-12-15 至 1997-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9207311&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Monograph; Bactris; Palmae; Flora; Neotropica

Bactris is one of the largest neotropical palm genera, and one of the most poorly known taxonomically. The aim of the research proposed here is to provide a taxonomic treatment of three sections, containing approximately 40 species, as a preliminary to a revision of the whole genus for Flora Neotropica. Bactris is widespread throughout the neotropics, from Mexico south to Bolivia, and also in the Caribbean. The Amazon basin contains the greatest concentration of species. Approximately 350 names exist, but there are probably nearer 120 actual species. The genus is important for several reasons. It contains the economically important B. gasipaes, the source of edible fruits which are grown and consumed throughout the humid Neotropics. The ancestors of this cultivated species are unknown, and yet are of great interest to agronomists. Other species provide a host of minor products. The genus is important in the lowland tropical forest ecosystems, and is a conspicuous component of the understory. Despite its large size and economic importance, the genus is very poorly understood. A recent phylogenetic analysis has divided the genus into four sections, three of which will be revised in the project proposed here. The methods used for this revision will include field collecting in critical areas and analysis of morphology, pollen morphology, stigma morphology and leaf anatomy from herbarium specimens and pickled material.

棕榈属是最大的新热带棕榈属之一，也是分类学上最不为人所知的属之一。本文提出的研究目的是对包含约40种植物的三个部分进行分类处理，作为对新热带植物属（Flora Neotropica）全属进行修订的初步研究。巴克氏菌广泛分布于新热带地区，从墨西哥南部到玻利维亚，以及加勒比海地区。亚马逊盆地是物种最集中的地区。现存的名字大约有350个，但实际的种类可能接近120个。这个属之所以重要，有几个原因。它含有具有重要经济意义的气垫菌，是整个潮湿新热带地区种植和消费的可食用水果的来源。这种被栽培的物种的祖先是未知的，但却引起了农学家的极大兴趣。其他种类提供许多次要产品。该属在低地热带森林生态系统中占有重要地位，是林下植物的重要组成部分。尽管其庞大的规模和经济重要性，属了解甚少。最近的系统发育分析将该属分为四个部分，其中三个部分将在这里提出的项目中进行修订。修订的方法将包括在关键区域进行野外采集，分析植物标本馆标本和腌制材料的形态、花粉形态、柱头形态和叶片解剖。