CO2 GASPEC: Design, Construction and Field-Testing of a GasCorrelation Spectrometer for Remote Measurement of CO2

CO2 GASPEC：用于远程测量 CO2 的气体相关光谱仪的设计、构建和现场测试

• 批准号: 9213536
• 负责人: Stanley Williams
• 金额: $ 20万
• 依托单位: Arizona State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1992
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1992-05-15 至 1995-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9213536&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CO2; GASPEC; Design; Construction; Field

This award provides support to develop and field-test a new remote-sensing device which will be capable of quantifying the rate of emission of carbon dioxide gas during volcanic eruptions. The prototype instrument, a portable infrared absorption spectrometer, will be designed to measure the carbon dioxide content in a line- of-sight through a volcanic eruption plume and to sort out the signal (the carbon dioxide in the plume) from noise (the normal background carbon dioxide content of the atmosphere). The instrument package will be designed for use either in airplanes or ground locations. Although carbon dioxide is the second most abundant volcanic gas (after water), little is known about either the total amounts emitted by active volcanos during eruption or the variation in emission level during the evolution of an eruption. The ability to remotely measure the flux of carbon dioxide is of importance for a variety of reasons. The origin of the Earth's atmosphere is ultimately related to volcanic degassing, and we cannot understand the significance of anthropogenic contributions unless we have a handle on the natural sources and their variation over time. Major volcanic eruptions, well quantified, could be used as natural experiments to evaluate the impact of greenhouse gases on climate. In addition, monitoring of carbon dioxide emissions can be used to predict the course of volcanic eruptions and their local, regional, and global consequences.

该奖项为开发和现场测试一种新的遥感设备提供支持，该设备将能够量化火山喷发期间二氧化碳气体的排放率。原型仪器是便携式红外吸收光谱仪，将设计用于测量火山喷发羽流视线内的二氧化碳含量，并将信号（羽流中的二氧化碳）与噪声（大气中正常背景二氧化碳含量）分开。该仪器包将设计用于飞机或地面场所。 尽管二氧化碳是第二丰富的火山气体（仅次于水），但人们对活火山在喷发期间排放的总量或喷发演化过程中排放水平的变化知之甚少。由于多种原因，远程测量二氧化碳通量的能力非常重要。地球大气层的起源最终与火山脱气有关，除非我们掌握了自然来源及其随时间的变化，否则我们无法理解人为贡献的重要性。大规模火山喷发经过充分量化后，可以作为自然实验来评估温室气体对气候的影响。 此外，监测二氧化碳排放可用于预测火山喷发的过程及其对当地、区域和全球的影响。