Dissertation Research: Brazil Nut Regeneration and Seedling Autecology

论文研究：巴西坚果再生和幼苗自生学

• 批准号: 9224229
• 负责人: Timothy White
• 金额: $ 2.2万
• 依托单位: University of Florida
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1993
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1993-06-01 至 1997-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9224229&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Dissertation; Research; Brazil; Nut; Regeneration

Global attention has focused on the recently created extractive reserves in the Brazilian Amazon as a promising new land use strategy that encourages the simultaneous use and conservation of the rainforest. Although the extractive community has utilized and managed the forest for decades, this new mandate coupled with increasing population densities demands a higher level of management sophistication. The scientific community can play an important role in the testing of various production strategies open to these rainforest producers; however, research has been very limited. The proposed research will assist extractivists in Acre, Brazil in evaluating technological options designed to increase sustainable production of the native species, Brazil nut (Bertholletia excelsa Humb. & Bompl.), valued for its many traditional uses and great economic value. Study objectives are to examine: (1) Brazil nut seed germination success comparing the effects of date of fruit fall, seed size, and seed pretreatment. These data will provide practical information for seed collection and storage as well as specific scientific data on the causes of the observed slow and uneven germination. (2) Brazil nut seedling establishment success in three areas within the reserves: (a) Forest gaps, (b) Shifting cultivation plots, and (c) Pastures, employing two inexpensive planting techniques and post-planting regimes. These experiments will determine how Brazil nut responds physiologically to varied planting environments, and what factors limit seedling establishment and early growth. (3) Role of Brazil nut in the extractivist production system, comparing traditional uses and management of the species with changes to the system created by the introduced Brazil nut enrichment technologies. %%% Documentation of traditional management and uses will assist in understanding indigenous techniques that have maintained the species over generations and may yield valuable information for development of potential market products. Understanding changes generated by the new establishment technologies will facilitate critical evaluation on a socio-economic and biological level.

全球的注意力都集中在最近创建的 巴西亚马逊地区的开采储量， 有前途的新土地利用战略，鼓励 同时保护和利用热带雨林。 尽管采掘业利用了 几十年来一直在管理森林， 再加上人口密度的增加， 更高的管理水平。 的 科学界可以发挥重要作用， 测试各种生产战略开放给这些 雨林生产者;然而，研究一直非常 有限公司 拟议中的研究将有助于采掘活动家 巴西阿克里，评估技术选择 旨在增加可持续生产的 巴西坚果（Bertholletia excelsa Humb.） &Bompl.），因其许多传统用途而受到重视， 巨大的经济价值。 研究目的是检查： (1)巴西坚果种子发芽成功率比较 果落日期、种子大小和种子的影响 预处理 这些数据将提供实用的 种子收集和储存的信息， 关于所观察到的气候变化原因的具体科学数据 发芽缓慢不均匀。 (2)巴西坚果幼苗 在三个领域建立成功 （a）森林缺口，（B）轮垦 地块，和（c）牧场，采用两个廉价的 种植技术和种植后制度。 这些 实验将确定巴西坚果如何应对 在生理上适应不同的种植环境， 什么因素限制了幼苗的建立和早期 增长 (3)巴西坚果在提取中的作用 生产系统，比较传统用途和 物种管理与系统变化 由巴西坚果浓缩物 技术. %%% 传统管理和使用的文件将 帮助了解土著技术， 维持了几代人的物种， 开发潜力的宝贵信息 市场产品。 了解由以下因素产生的变化 新的建立技术将促进 对一个社会经济和生物 水平