Neuropeptide Control of Ecdysone Biosynthesis

蜕皮激素生物合成的神经肽控制

• 批准号: 9300164
• 负责人: Lawrence Gilbert
• 金额: $ 21.5万
• 依托单位: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1993
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1993-08-01 至 1997-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9300164&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Neuropeptide; Control; Ecdysone; Biosynthesis

Gilbert 9300164 The studies by Dr. Gilbert on the mechanism by which a hormone from the brain of the insect Manduca sexta acts upon specialized glands (prothoracic glands) to cause these glands to begin synthesizing a specific steroid hormone, an ecdysteroid. Ecdysteroids are hormones that cause the insect to molt. i.e. shed its exoskeleton, so that it can grow. They also elicit metamorphosis, i.e. the means by which a caterpillar is transformed into a pupa and then into an adult moth or butterfly. The brain neurohormone is synthesized and released as a result of environmental cues such as photoperiod and the synthesis and release of Ecdysteroids by the prothoracic glands must be extremely precise if the insect is to survive and be successful. He is studying the means by which this peptide hormone interacts with the glands, i.e. to stimulate the synthesis of a compound, a second messenger, which in turn indirectly mediates the phosphorylation (addition of a phosphate group) of specific proteins that control ecdysteroidogenesis. By utilizing the prothoracic glands which are composed of a single layer of homogeneous cells, he should ultimately gain insights into the mechanism of peptide hormone induced steroidogenesis that would not be possible with the more heterogeneous adrenal gland. ***

吉尔伯特9300164 吉尔伯特博士的研究是关于昆虫天蛾大脑中的一种激素作用于专门的腺体（前胸腺），使这些腺体开始合成一种特定的类固醇激素，一种蜕皮类固醇的机制。 蜕皮激素是导致昆虫蜕皮的激素。也就是说，脱掉它的外骨骼，这样它就可以生长。它们还引起变态，即毛虫变成蛹，然后变成成虫蛾或蝴蝶的方式。 脑神经激素的合成和释放是由于环境因素，如光周期，如果昆虫要生存和成功，前胸腺合成和释放蜕皮类固醇必须非常精确。 他正在研究这种肽激素与腺体相互作用的方式，即刺激化合物的合成，第二信使，这反过来又间接介导控制蜕皮类固醇生成的特定蛋白质的磷酸化（添加磷酸基团）。通过利用由单层均质细胞组成的前胸腺，他最终应该深入了解肽激素诱导类固醇生成的机制，而这在更异质的肾上腺中是不可能的。 ***