Thermal Destruction and Carbonaceous Particulate Formation During the Pyrolysis and Combustion of Chlorinated Hydrocarbons

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The overall objective of this investigation is delineation of mechanisms of thermal destruction and product formation (major product species as well as dioxins and furans) during the pyrolysis and combustion of chlorinated hydrocarbon (CHC) fuels at different air/fuel ratios and various surrounding thermal and chemical environments. Soot and carbonaceous particles formed during pyrolysis and combustion of various CHC fuels as well as ignition delay times over a range of temperatures will also be determined. Droplets/particles of CHC fuels representative of industrial hazardous wastes will be selected and their time-resolved behavior during passage along the axis of controlled temperature-composition reactor determined. Information will thus be obtained on the thermal destruction, vaporization, and combustion of these fuels under well-defined conditions of fuel particle/droplet size, inter- particle spacing, and thermal and chemical envirionment around the particle in order to guide the development of strategies for effective thermal destruction of hazardous wastes in addition to determining ignition delays, combustion rates, destruction efficiencies, and formation of volatile organic compounds, dioxins, furans, soot, and carbonaceous particles during combustion. This approach will yield rate and mechanistic information on the thermal destruction and and product formation of CHC fuels. Particular emphasis will be place on definition of approaches for avoidance of formation of chlorine, phosgene, soot, particulates, dioxins, and furans during the combustion of such fuels. The incentive for this research arises from the need for scientific and engineering information on the combustion and pollution characteristics of chlorinated hydrocarbon compounds such that large-scale hazardous chemical waste incineration systems can be designed and operated more reliably and satifactorily in an environmentally acceptable manner without undue hazard to human health and environment. The lack of our present understanding on the combustion characteristics of CHCs, particularly as regards thermal destruction and production of various toxic products, has resulted in the use of highly empirical methods for design of incinerators. This research program is aimed at development of a better understanding of the thermal destruction and product formation mechanisms, as well as determination of information regarding formation of soot and particulates and ignition delay times associated with these species during the incineration of hazardous chlorinated wastes.