CAA: Genetic Exchange Between Bacillus Species

物种的性质，以及在何种程度上密切相关 物种之间的界限是遗传交换的障碍， 细菌的情况可能比其他主要的细菌群更不清楚。 有机体 近缘种间遗传交换的研究 土壤细菌枯草芽孢杆菌和地衣芽孢杆菌， 由凯瑟琳邓肯博士进行的实验 关于反对自由基因交换的可能机制， 细菌 了解自然界中的运作机制， 阻止土壤细菌之间的基因自由交换 极大地帮助决定释放基因 工程微生物 调查将集中在：（1） 孢子之间自发的自然交换 灭菌土壤;（2）原生质体融合;（3）转化 有能力的B.枯草芽孢杆菌纯化的DNA。 混血儿制造的威尔 使用方法分析以确定DNA转移的程度 测序、限制性内切酶、等位酶 电泳和选择性培养基上的生长试验， 特定基因的起源 杂交菌株的适应性将 在土壤中生长期间进行评估，以估计 自然界中成功的可能性。 %%% 分子遗传学的新方法使监测成为可能 土壤细菌之间的基因交换， 对转基因生物的担忧。 凯瑟琳医生 邓肯利用复杂的DNA分析来评估 和命运的基因转移之间的芽孢杆菌土壤细菌，包括 携带DNA块的杂交菌株的作用 相关物种

The nature of species, and to what degree closely related species are demarcated by barriers to genetics exchange, are perhaps less clear for bacteria than for any other major group of organisms. Studies of genetic exchange between the closely related soil bacteria Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis are being conducted by Dr. Kathleen Duncan in order to test hypotheses about possible mechanisms opposing free gene exchange among bacteria. Knowledge of mechanisms operating in nature that might prevent the free interchange of genes among soil bacteria would greatly aid in making decisions about the release of genetically engineered microorganisms. Investigations will focus on: (1) spontaneous, natural exchange between spores germinated in sterilized soil; (2) protoplast fusion; and (3) transformation of competent B. subtilis with purified DNA. The hybrids produced will be analyzed to determine the extent of DNA transfer using methods of sequencing, restriction-enzyme digests, allozyme electrophoresis, and growth tests on selective media to identify the origin of specific genes. The fitness of hybrid strains will be evaluated during growth in soil in order to estimate the likelihood of success in nature. %%% New methods in molecular genetics make possible the monitoring of gene exchange among soil bacteria, a phenomenon critical to concerns about genetically engineered organisms. Dr. Kathleen Duncan employs sophisticated DNA analyses to evaluate the extent and fate of gene transfer among Bacillus soil bacteria, including the role of hybrid strains carrying blocks of DNA from closely related species.