Pacific Paleoclimate from Reef Corals in the Eastern and Western Margins: Records from Galapagos, Cocos Island and the Gulf of Papua

东部和西部边缘珊瑚礁的太平洋古气候：加拉帕戈斯群岛、科科斯岛和巴布亚湾的记录

• 批准号: 9308300
• 负责人: Richard Sternberg
• 金额: $ 25.74万
• 依托单位: University of Washington
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1994
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1994-01-01 至 1998-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9308300&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Pacific; Paleoclimate; Reef; Corals; Eastern

Abstract ATM-9308300 Shen, Glen T. Title: Pacific Paleoclimate from Reef Corals in the Eastern and Western Margins: Records from Galapagos, Cocos Island and the Gulf of Papua This award will support a study designed to characterize the paleoclimate of the eastern Pacific over the last 400 years using the best available coral samples and seeks to establish a new geochemical tracer in the far western Pacific - a region for which few marine climatic indicators presently exist. The foci of the eastern Pacific reconstructions will be the Galapagos Islands (0.5oS, 91oW) and Cocos Island (5.3oN, 86.9oW). The ratio of barium:calcium in coral argonite, a sensitive indicator of upwelling and fluvial discharge, will be the key measurement using an Inductively-Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometer (ICP-MS). Records spanning 270- (Cocos) and 400-years (Galapagos) length will be produced at quarter-annual resolution. Additionally, annual determinations of Cd/Ca and Mn/Ca will be made . Developmental effort for a regional precipitation index over Australasia will involve determination of Ba/Ca ratios in a 100- year coral core from the Gulf of Papua, an area markedly influenced by Ba-enriched continental runoff. The goal of this work is the development of climatically-relevant datasets which surpass the instrumental record in length yet retain the quality of latter 20th century measurements. Such records will allow a closer examination of recurrent periods (e.g annual, biennial, and three-to-seven year ENSO timescales) which appear to characterize the lower atmosphere and upper ocean, and may reveal the existence of longer time scale variations.

Am-9308300沈，Glen T.标题：来自东西边缘珊瑚礁的太平洋古气候：加拉帕戈斯、科科斯岛和巴布亚海湾的记录该奖项将支持一项研究，该研究旨在利用现有的最佳珊瑚样本描述过去400年东太平洋的古气候，并寻求在遥远的西太平洋建立新的地球化学示踪剂--该地区目前几乎没有海洋气候指标。东太平洋重建的焦点将是加拉帕戈斯群岛(南纬0.5oS，西经91oW)和科科斯岛(北纬5.3oN，西经86.9oW)。珊瑚银岩中的钡和钙的比值是上升流和河流排放的灵敏指标，将是使用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪(ICPMS)进行测量的关键。跨越270年(科科斯)和400年(加拉帕戈斯)的记录将以四分之一年的分辨率产生。此外，还将进行镉/钙和锰/钙的年度测定。开发澳大拉西亚区域降水指数的工作将涉及确定巴布亚湾100年珊瑚核心中的BA/Ca比率，该地区受到富含BA的大陆径流的显著影响。这项工作的目标是开发与气候相关的数据集，这些数据集在长度上超过仪器记录，但仍保持20世纪后期测量的质量。这样的记录将使我们能够更仔细地检查似乎是低层大气和上层海洋特征的重现期(例如，年度、两年和三至七年的ENSO时间尺度)，并可能揭示存在较长时间尺度的变化。