Novel Supported Superacid Catalysts: Preparation, Characterization and Reaction Studies

摘要：本文研究了沸石负载硫酸氧化锆作为固体超强酸催化剂的作用。制备了沸石负载、硫酸酸化、氧化锆团簇，并对其物理形态和催化活性进行了研究。目标是生产比大块硫酸氧化锆寿命更长的催化剂。试验反应包括正丁烷异构化成异丁烷、2-甲基-2戊烯异构化和合成乙基叔丁基醚。使用的表征技术包括x射线衍射、透射电子显微镜、x射线吸收和傅里叶变换红外光谱。环境问题导致对含氧化合物作为汽油添加剂的需求大幅增加。与此同时，环境和职业健康方面的担忧正迫使人们逐步淘汰用于制造这些材料的流体超强酸催化剂。这项研究着眼于一种固体超强酸，它可以取代这些危险的流体催化剂。这项工作的一部分还涉及在汽车燃料中使用乙醇的问题。＊＊＊

ABSTRACT CTS-9406718 Gustavo Larsen This is an investigation of the use of sulfated zirconia supported on zeolites as solid superacid catalysts. Zeolite-supported, sulfated, zirconia clusters are prepared and their physical form and catalytic activity studied. An objective is to produce catalysts with longer lifetimes than bulk sulfated zirconia. Test reactions include isomerization of n-butane to isobutane, isomerization of 2-methyl-2 pentene, and synthesis of ethyl tert-butyl ether. Characterization techniques used include X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray absorption, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Environmental concerns have led to a large increase in the demand for oxygenates as gasoline additives. At the same time, environmental and occupational-health concerns are forcing a phase-out of the fluid superacid catalysts used to make these materials. This study looks at a solid superacid that could replace these dangerous fluid catalysts. A portion of the effort also addresses the use of ethanol in motor fuel. ***