Molecular Thermodynamics of Polymer/Mixed-Solvent Systems for Process/Product Design and Environmental-Protection Technology

用于工艺/产品设计和环境保护技术的聚合物/混合溶剂体系的分子热力学

• 批准号: 9411366
• 负责人: John Prausnitz
• 金额: $ 17.02万
• 依托单位: University of California-Berkeley
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1995
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1995-03-01 至 1998-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9411366&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Molecular; Thermodynamics; Polymer; Mixed; Solvent

John Prausnitz CTS-9411366 Thermodynamic properties of polymer/mixed-solvent systems are necessary for a variety of applications including surface acoustic-wave vapor sensors; recovery of organic vapors from waste-air streams using a polymeric membrane; pervaporation, and other polymeric membrane-separation processes; polymer devolatilization; vapor-phase photografting; and for optimum formulation of paints and coatings. For rational process and product design, we require new experimental data and new correlation based on molecular thermodynamics. Vapor-liquid equilibria for several polymer/mixed-solvent systems will be measured , both for dilute polymer solutions (using a sampled equilibrium cell ) and concentrated solutions (using a gravimetric polymer swelling technique). Also, the theta temperature for various polymer/mixed-solvent systems will be measured and correlated with a procedure that involves measuring (by scanning) the cloud-point temperatures for a range of polymer concentrations and extrapolating to unity volume fraction polymer. The goal of the study is to provide experimental data and correlations for thermodynamic properties of these systems for a wide range of applications in acoustic-wave vapor sensors, VOC membrane separation from air streams, vapor-phase photo-grafting, and paint formulation. The successful completion of the project would significantly enhance the knowledge and technology base in these areas, enabling better design of existing processes and development of new processes and products. The experimental techniques to be used are modifications to existing techniques developed by the P.I.'s and others, to account for mixed solvents. The correlational work will be with the P.I. 's previously developed Perturbed Hard-Sphere-Chain equation of state. The theta temperature is the spinodal temperature in the limit of infinite polymer chain length and infinite dilution of the polymer in the solvent. A program for this calculation has been develop ed by the P.I. and co-workers. For the experiments, a tentative list of systems is given, and these are keyed to the specific technological application. A typical error analysis for the gravimetric technique is given.

聚合物/混合溶剂系统的热力学性质是各种应用所必需的，包括表面声波蒸汽传感器；利用聚合膜从废气流中回收有机蒸汽；渗透蒸发等聚合物膜分离工艺；聚合物液化作用;气相接;并用于油漆和涂料的最佳配方。为了合理的工艺和产品设计，我们需要新的实验数据和基于分子热力学的新的关联。将测量几种聚合物/混合溶剂系统的气液平衡，包括稀释聚合物溶液（使用取样平衡池）和浓缩溶液（使用重量聚合物膨胀技术）。此外，将测量各种聚合物/混合溶剂系统的θ温度，并与一个程序相关联，该程序包括测量（通过扫描）聚合物浓度范围内的云点温度，并推断为单位体积分数的聚合物。该研究的目标是为这些系统的热力学性质提供实验数据和相关性，这些系统广泛应用于声波蒸汽传感器，VOC膜分离与气流，气相光接枝和油漆配方。项目的成功完成将大大提高这些领域的知识和技术基础，使现有工序的设计和新工序和产品的开发更加完善。将要使用的实验技术是对P.I.开发的现有技术的改进等，以解释混合溶剂。相关工作将由私家侦探负责他先前开发的微扰硬球链状态方程。温度是在聚合物链长无限和聚合物在溶剂中被无限稀释的极限下的旋量温度。P.I.和他的同事已经开发了一个计算程序。对于实验，给出了一个系统的暂定列表，这些系统是具体技术应用的关键。给出了重力测量技术的典型误差分析。