LMER: A Comparative Study of the Transport & Transformation of Materials From Rivers Through the Land-sea Margin

[9412089] Wiegert该项目将研究格鲁吉亚五大沿海河流将无机和有机物质从陆地带入海洋的运输和转化。每条河流在景观特征、地质环境、流速、无机和有机负荷以及pH值方面都有所不同，但它们都被限制在120英里的海岸范围内，因此，它们有着相似的温度、降雨和潮汐状况。这些河流为比较生态学研究陆地的影响提供了一个独特的机会，通过河流，对近岸海洋和海洋，通过潮汐洪水，对河岸和沿海湿地。这些研究的第一阶段将侧重于：1)测量河流和河口的水动力特征，这是理解和量化物质通量所必需的；2)测量成分在穿过不同群落时浓度和生物活性的化学和物理变化。一系列的实验室和实地实验，以进一步扩大对陆地、河流、海洋、河岸和沿海湿地相互作用的认识。建模将是工作的所有阶段的一个组成部分。简单的单室模型将用于指导选择样品和地点的成分测量。将使用多组分、马赛克和景观/流域模型来综合通量和修正工作的所有阶段。在模型敏感性分析的基础上，收集适当的数据，识别重要的参数，减少参数评估的误差。具体地说，将测量从陆地/海洋边缘到近海岸地带携带的物质的种类、数量和代谢活动。与此相关的是，负责运输的流体动力学过程将得到解决。将进行实地试验，以确定水从河口流入和流出主要植被子系统时材料的命运。将进行实验室实验/分析；用于检查无法在现场观察或测量的材料加工细节。研究的材料将包括无机颗粒的悬浮载荷，氮、磷（无机和有机形式）和二氧化硅的溶解化合物，以及有机碳化合物。结果将证明在几个层次上是有用的，从海洋科学的基础研究，到沿海地区管理，到全球变化的层次，预测对被视为陆地/海洋边缘的边界地区陆地和海洋相互作用的影响。

9412089 Wiegert This project will study the transport and transformation of inorganic and organic materials carried from the land into the sea by the five major coastal rivers of Georgia. Each river differs in landscape characteristics, geological setting, flow rate, inorganic and organic loading, and pH, but they are confined within a 120 mile segment of coast and, thus, share similar temperature, rainfall, and tidal regimes. These rivers offer a unique opportunity for the comparative ecological study of the impact of the land, via rivers, on the nearshore ocean and of the ocean, through tidal flooding, on the riparian and ocastal wetlands. The first pahse of these studies will focus on 1) measuring the hyprodynamic characteristics of the rivers and estuaries that are necessary for understanding and quantifying the flux of materials and 2) measuring chemical and physical changes in concentrations and bioactivity of constituents as they pass through distinct communities. A series of laboratory and field experiments to further extend knowledge of the interaction of land, river, sea and riparian and coastal wetlands are also planned. Modeling will be an integral part of all phases of the work. Simple one-compartment models will be used to guide the selection of samples and sites for the component measurements. Multicomponent, mosaic and landscape/watershed models will be used to integrate all phases of the work on fluxes and modifications. Important parameters will be identified on the basis of model sensitivity analysis and appropriate data gathered to reduce the error in parameter evaluation. Specifically, measurements will be made it the kinds, amounts, and metabolic activity of materials carried from above the land/sea margin to the near coastal zone. Associated with the is effort, the hydrodynamic processes repsonsible for transport will be addressed. Field experimetns will be done to ascertain fate of materials as water is displaced out of the estuary onto and off of the major vegetational subsystems. Laboratory experiment/analysis will be em;ployed to examine details of material processing that cannot be observed or measured in the field. Materials studied will include the suspended load of inorganic particles, the dissolved compounds of nitrogen, phosphorous (both inorganic and organic forms) and silica, and the organic carbon compounds. Results will proved useful at several levels, from that of basic research in marine science, through coastal zone management, to the level of global change, predicting impact on the interaction of land and sea in the boudary area regarded as the land/sea margin.