Structures and Dynamics of Solids Under High Pressures and Other Extreme Conditions

小行星9412187 这项工作的目标是在中等高压至数十吉帕斯卡（GPa）的条件下测量材料的性能，并具有足够的精度来测试理论模型的准确性，并将理解转化为新材料。建议中概述的具体研究领域包括：（1）表征硫的光化学、化学和相图，压力约为20 GPa;（2）在斯坦福大学同步辐射实验室（SSRL）开发高温高压技术的X射线衍射技术;（3）对于相同取向的氧化物晶体和氧、硫和硝基苯胺的结构，确定晶体结构和到20 GPa和1000开氏度的声速;（4）定义与含能材料相关的硝基苯胺和硝基芳族化合物的结构和稳定性的分子内和分子间扰动;（5）确定条件，在5-15 GPa范围内限制不饱和碳化合物稳定性的反应机理和产物。 %%% 这项研究的目的是探索新材料的高压合成。这些高压下的基础化学和物理研究，包括振动动力学，能量学和凝聚相系统的结构，将导致材料在技术领域的发展，如高能材料，聚合物和分子材料，如金刚石和富勒烯。

9412187 Nicol The objective of this proposed work is to measure properties of materials at moderately high pressures to tens of gigapascals (GPa) with sufficient precision to test the accuracy of theoretical models and translate the understanding into new materials. Specific areas of research outlined in the proposal include: (1) characterizing the photochemistry, chemistry and phase diagram of sulfur to approximately 20 GPa; (2) developing x-ray diffraction techniques at the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory (SSRL) for high temperature-high pressure techniques; (3) determining crystal structures and sound speeds to 20 GPa and 1000 degrees kelvin for the same oriented oxide crystal and structures for oxygen, sulfur, and nitroanilines; (4) defining intra-and inter-molecular perturbations on the structures and stabilities of nitroanilines and nitroaromatics related to energetic materials and (5) determining the conditions, mechanisms and products of reactions which limit the stabilities of unsaturated carbon compounds in the 5-15 GPa range. %%% The goal of this proposed study is to explore the high-pressure synthesis of novel materials. These fundamental chemistry and physics studies under high pressure, to include vibrational dynamics, energetics and structures of condensed-phase systems, will lead to materials developments in areas of technological interest such as energetic materials, polymers, and molecular materials such as diamond and fullerenes.