The Climate-Related Chemical Properties of Aerosols Over the North Atlantic

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9414846 Savoie This program focuses on the chemical, physical and radiative properties of aerosols over th North Atlantic Ocean. At present the estimates of direct (as well as indirect) aerosol forcing are highly uncertain because of many unknown factors about aerosols: their composition, size distribution and radiative properties, and the temporal and spatial variability of these properties. The work includes (1) continuous sampling to extend the chemical climatologies that were developed during the first two phases of AEROCE, (2) an initiation of continuous measurement of aerosol absorption and total integrated aerosol scattering, and (3) intensive measurements of size-segregated aerosol chemistry on four islands in the tropical and subtropical North Atlantic Ocean (NAO): Bermuda; barbados; Tenerife, Canary Islands; and Lanzorote, Canary Islands. Daily bulk aerosol samples from all of the sites will be analyzed for (1) nss-SO4 =, derived from anthropogenic sources and biological sources in the ocean; (2) MSA, an atmospheric oxidation product of DMS which is produced by biological sources in the ocean; (3) NO3-, derived from continental and oceanic sources; (5) Na+, for sea salt; and (6) nss-K+m as a tracer fir biomass burning. Continuous measurements will also be made of (1) total integrated aerosol scatter using integrating nephelometer, (2) aerosol composition in two size ranges (1-10um diameter and the fraction below 1 um), (3) total aerosol number concentration using condensation particle counters, and (4) total aerosol absorption coefficient using aerosol absorption photometers. th latter data will be supplemented with spectral reflectance measurement made in the laboratory using a diode array spectrophotometer. The data will be interpreted in terms of the physical, chemical, and radiative properties of aerosols associated with specific source regions and types.