Reaction Kinetics in the 1-10 GPa Pressure Regime; A Tool for Controlling the Generation of Fumes from Mining Explosives

PERSSON CTS-9417526摘要 拟议的研究是新墨西哥州采矿和技术研究所和纳尔逊兄弟公司之间的一个行业-大学合作研究项目。 PI建议系统研究硝酸铵（AN）和硝酸铵与燃料油混合（ANFO）的化学性质，其压力与固体炸药爆炸时遇到的压力相似。 目的是了解这些材料爆炸时发生反应的基本机制，并找到添加剂，以减少被认为含有氮氧化物，NO和NO2的红烟，这是当AN和ANFO用作炸药时产生的，特别是在高压下。 三个不同的实验室实验将被用来研究这些高能材料的分解。 这些方法包括：（1）通过与热压缩惰性气体接触而点火和表面燃烧，（2）通过与飞片撞击而冲击压缩，以及（3）在封闭室中引爆1公斤装药。 将通过FTIR和GCMS分析反应产物。 这些实验室研究将在新墨西哥州进行。 在纳尔逊兄弟公司进行的大规模现场试验，目的是取得更多有关红云成分的资料，以及测试新建议的成分和爆破方法。 将使用彩色视频和产品气体取样，并将结果与常规炸药进行比较。

ABSTRACT PERSSON CTS-9417526 The proposed study is an Industry-University Cooperative Research Project between the New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology and Nelson Brothers Inc. The PIs propose a systematic study of the chemistry of ammonium nitrate (AN) and ammonium nitrate mixed with fuel oil (ANFO) at pressures similar to those encountered during the detonation of solid explosives. The objective is to understand the fundamental mechanisms of reaction occurring in the detonation of these materials and to find additives which will reduce the red smoke thought to contain the oxides of nitrogen, NO, and NO2, that is generated when AN and ANFO are used as explosives especially at high pressures. Three different laboratory experiments will be used to study the decomposition of these energetic materials. These consist of (1) ignition and surface burning by contact with an adiabatically compressed heated inert gas, (2) shock compression by impact with a flyer plate, and (3) detonation of 1 kg charges in a closed chamber. Reaction products will be analyzed by FTIR and GCMS. These laboratory studies will be carried out at New Mexico. Large scale field test at Nelson Brothers Inc., aimed at obtaining more information on the composition of the red clouds, and the testing of the new proposed compositions and blasting methods, will be carried out. Color video and sampling of the product gases will be used and results compared to the conventional explosives.