Hydrogen Storage Systems Based on Fullerene-Hydrides and Fullerene-Converted Carbons

目前可用的储氢方法有其局限性。压缩气体储存和金属氢化物储存系统的能量密度相对较低，液化气储存需要昂贵的低温。由于活性炭的氢吸附能力较低，混合碳吸附储存技术并没有达到其预期的潜力。在MER进行的探索性实验中，据他们所知，他们第一次成功地用物理方法将富勒烯混合物氢化到氢气重量的5.5%。氢化的富勒烯——富勒烯氢化物在环境条件下是稳定的，在高温下释放氢气。此外，MER已经将富勒烯混合物转化为某种碳（他们称之为超级碳），这种碳比传统的高表面积活性炭具有更大的储氢能力。本课题将研究利用富勒烯氢化物或富勒烯转化的超级碳作为储氢材料的可行性。在本工作中，将研究富勒烯物理氢化的最佳工艺，以及将富勒烯转化为超级碳的最佳工艺。研究了富勒烯-氢化物的脱氢（脱气）性能和超碳的吸氢-脱附性能。并对新型储氢方法与其他储氢方法的经济性和性能进行了比较。

The current available hydrogen storage methods have their limitations. The compressed gas storage and metal hydride storage systems have relatively low energy densities, and the liquefied gas storage requires costly cryogenics. The hybrid carbon adsorption storage techniques have not lived up to their projected potential partly due to low hydrogen adsorption capacities of activated carbons. In the exploratory experiments conducted at MER, at the first time, to the best of their knowledge, they have successfully hydrogenated fullerene mixtures up to 5.5% by weight of hydrogen using physical method. The hydrogenated fullerenes -- fullerene hydrides are stable at ambient conditions and release hydrogen gas at elevated temperatures. Also, MER has converted fullerene mixtures into some kind of carbon (they call it super carbon) which has much larger hydrogen storage capacity than conventional high surface area activated carbons. In this proposal, the feasibility of using the fullerene-hydrides or fullerene converted super carbons as materials for hydrogen storage will be studied. In this work, the best procedures to physically hydrogenate fullerenes, and the best procedures to convert fullerenes into super carbons will be researched. The dehydrogenation (degas) properties of fullerene-hydride, and hydrogen adsorption-desorption properties of super carbons will be studied. And the economic and performance comparisons of the new hydrogen storage methods with other hydrogen storage methods will be made.