Microtubule-Associated Proteins and the Regulation of Microtubule Organization During Oogenesis and Early Development in Xenopus laevis

非洲爪蟾卵子发生和早期发育过程中微管相关蛋白和微管组织的调节

• 批准号: 9506051
• 负责人: David Gard
• 金额: $ 40.49万
• 依托单位: University of Utah
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1995
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1995-07-15 至 2000-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9506051&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Microtubule; Associated; Proteins; Regulation; Organization

MCB 9506051 David Gard Substantial evidence suggests that microtubules play important roles in the establishment of two important developmental axes that are specified or established prior to the cleavage of fertilized amphibian eggs: the animal-vegetal (A-V) axis of oocytes and eggs, and the dorsal-ventral (D-V) axis of the developing embryo. The proposed experiments investigate the role that microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) play in regulating microtubule assembly and organization during formation of the A-V and D-V axes in Xenopus oocyte and embryos. Three biochemically-distinct XMAPs have been isolated from Xenopus eggs. Confocal and electron microscopy will be used to examine the distribution of XMAPs during oogenesis and early development. Microinjection of XMAPs and XMAP antibodies will be used to probe the function of these proteins in oocytes , eggs, and embryos. The effects of XMAP phosphorylation on microtubule assembly will be addressed in vitro and in permeabilized oocytes and eggs. Finally, molecular cloning will be used to examine the structural relationship between XMAPs and MAPs from other species. Results from this project will provide new information on the role of the microtubules in the formation of cellular and embryonic polarity. %%% This project will examine the regulation of a cytoskeletal network (i.e., microtubules) using oocytes, eggs, and embryos of the frog as a model system. Results from this project will provide information on mechanisms establishing cellular polarity and embryonic polarity during early development. Consequently, this project should provide insights into the mechanisms that establish the body plan of an organism. ***

MCB 9506051大卫加德 大量的证据表明，微管在两个重要的发育轴的建立中起重要作用，这两个发育轴是在两栖动物受精卵卵裂之前指定或建立的：卵母细胞和卵的动物-植物（A-V）轴和发育胚胎的背腹（D-V）轴。 本实验研究了非洲爪蟾卵母细胞和胚胎中微管相关蛋白（MAPs）在A-V和D-V轴形成过程中对微管组装和组织的调节作用。 三个生物化学不同的XMAP已分离出爪蟾卵。 共聚焦显微镜和电子显微镜将用于检查XMAP在卵子发生和早期发育过程中的分布。 XMAP和XMAP抗体的显微注射将用于探测卵母细胞、卵子和胚胎中这些蛋白质的功能。 XMAP磷酸化对微管组装的影响将在体外和透化卵母细胞和卵子中进行研究。 最后，分子克隆将被用来检查XMAP和其他物种的MAP之间的结构关系。 该项目的结果将为微管在细胞和胚胎极性形成中的作用提供新的信息。 本项目将研究细胞骨架网络的调节（即，微管）使用卵母细胞，卵子和胚胎的青蛙作为模型系统。 该项目的结果将提供有关在早期发育过程中建立细胞极性和胚胎极性的机制的信息。 因此，这个项目应该提供深入了解的机制，建立一个有机体的身体计划。 ***