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Identification of the Chemical Mechanisms of Heterogeneous Processes on Sea Salt Particles Using Stable Chlorine Isotope Ratios

使用稳定氯同位素比鉴定海盐颗粒非均相过程的化学机制

基本信息

批准号：
9529451
负责人：
Martin Wahlen
金额：
$ 10.4万
依托单位：
University of California-San Diego Scripps Inst of Oceanography
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
1996
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1996-09-01 至 1998-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9529451&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Identification Chemical Mechanisms Heterogeneous Processes

项目摘要

Abstract ATM-9529451 Wahlen, Martin University of California, San Diego Title: Identification of the Chemical Mechanisms of Heterogeneous Processes on Sea Salt Particles Using Stable Chlorine Isotope Ratios Field and laboratory and laboratory evidence indicates that significant quantities of sea salt chloride are volatilized by one or more chemical pathways other than desorption of hydrochloric acid following reaction with nitric or sulfuric acid. Laboratory experiments indicate that heterogeneous reactions can occur between sodium chloride and reactive atmospheric species such as nitrogen oxides and ozone, however, the prevalence of these reactions in the lower troposphere is still not understood. The primary objective of this project is to use stable chlorine isotopes ratios to support or dismiss reactions potentially responsible for chlorine volatilization throughout the world's oceans. The isotopic ratios are altered during chemical reactions where covalent bonds are formed or broken. Thus, different chemical reactions lead to different isotopic signatures. Measured isotopic fractionation in residual salt particles can be compared to the fractionation factors of the reactions simulated in the laboratory. In this project, laboratory investigations will be carried out in collaboration with Prof. Jonathan Abbatt at the University of Chicago to determine the isotopic fractionation factors of individual volatilization reactions. In addition, archived aeroslo samples from various oceanic regions will be analyzed for chlorine fractionation, From this information, the heterogeneous processes responsible for chlorine volatilization in the aerosols will be determined.

摘要ATM-9529451 Wahlen，Martin University of加州，San Diego标题：使用稳定氯同位素比鉴定海盐颗粒非均相过程的化学机制现场和实验室证据表明，大量海盐氯化物通过一种或多种化学途径挥发，而不是通过与硝酸或硫酸反应后盐酸解吸。实验室实验表明，氯化钠与氮氧化物和臭氧等大气活性物质之间可以发生多相反应，然而，这些反应在对流层低层中的普遍性仍然不清楚。该项目的主要目标是利用稳定的氯同位素比率来支持或消除可能导致全世界海洋氯挥发的反应。同位素比率在共价键形成或断裂的化学反应中发生变化。因此，不同的化学反应导致不同的同位素特征。残余盐颗粒中测得的同位素分馏可以与实验室模拟反应的分馏因子进行比较。在本项目中，将与芝加哥大学的Jonathan Abbatt教授合作进行实验室研究，以确定各个挥发反应的同位素分馏系数。此外，还将对来自各大洋地区的存档气溶胶样品进行氯分馏分析，根据这一信息，将确定气溶胶中氯挥发的异质过程。