Upper Ocean Response to Thermohaline Forcing in the Tropical Atlantic

9531869 施密特 与S博士的同伴项目一起。大学校长 华盛顿和K.迈阿密大学的利曼，大约145名 剖面分析自主拉格朗日和环流探测器 漂浮物（至少一半含盐度）将用于研究特定的 热带和亚热带大西洋水团转换过程 大西洋环流和气候实验（ACCE） 流域范围的网格将用于提供相对均匀的采样， 层盐度和热含量的变化在整个盆地。 更高 分辨率阵列将部署在重要的地方地区， 相对而言，像高盐度的亚热带水下（Leaman）这样的群体， 形成或转化均匀的18度水（立管），或重要时 海气交换是高度可变的，例如在ITCZ（热带间 Convergence Zone）（R.施密特）。 更高的分辨率将允许跟踪 上层大气体积和结构的季节和年际变化 海洋特征，并将其与模拟/观测的表面热量估计值相关联 和淡水通量。 分析这些数据将提供时间序列的三维地图， 在1500米以上的速度，温度和盐度场的 热带和亚热带环流在ACCE现场实验的持续时间。 此外，统计分析将提供平均值的空间分布 环流和涡旋动能和势能等量，以及涡旋 混合，除了通量估计。这些环流范围的估计将 为未来的气候模型提供了强有力的约束， 发展到充分包括热带和亚热带的物理 大西洋，特别是淡水预算。

9531869 Schmitt In conjunction with companion projects by Drs. S. Riser of the University of Washington and K. Leaman of the University of Miami, approximately 145 profiling P-ALACE (Profiling Autonomous Lagrangian And Circulation Explorer) floats (at least half of them with salinity) will be used to study specific water-mass transformation processes in the tropical and subtropical Atlantic as part of the Atlantic Circulation and Climate Experiment (ACCE). The basin- wide grid will be used to provide relatively uniform sampling to track upper layer salinity and heat content changes throughout the basin. Higher resolution arrays will be deployed in important local regions where water masses such as the high-salinity Subtropical Underwater (Leaman), relatively uniform 18-degree water (Riser) are formed or transformed, or where important air-sea exchanges are highly variable such as under the ITCZ (Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone) (R. Schmitt). The higher-resolution will allow tracking of seasonal and interannual changes in the volume and structure of the upper ocean features, and relate these to modeled/observed estimates of surface heat and fresh water fluxes. Analysis of these data will provide time series of three-dimensional maps of the velocity, temperature, and salinity fields within the upper 1500 m of the tropical and subtropical gyres over the duration of the ACCE field experiment. Additionally, statistical analyses will provide spatial distributions of mean circulation and quantities like eddy kinetic and potential energies, and eddy mixing, in addition to the flux estimates. These gyre-wide estimates will provide strong constraints for the future climate models that must be developed to adequately include the physics of the tropical and subtropical Atlantic, particularly the fresh water budget.