SBIR PHASE I: Environmentally Safe Destruction of Chlorinated Aromatic Compounds by a Novel Photothermal Process

SBIR 第一阶段：通过新型光热工艺对氯化芳香族化合物进行环境安全的破坏

• 批准号: 9560978
• 负责人: Moshe Lavid
• 金额: $ 7.5万
• 依托单位: M.L. Energia, Incorporated
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1996-02-01 至 1996-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9560978&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SBIR; PHASE; Environmentally; Safe; Destruction

9560978 Lavid This SBIR Phase I project offers a novel reductive photothermal process for environmentally safe destruction of chlorinated aromatic compounds such as Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). It utilizes UV light to photo-initiate hydrodechlorination of PCBs at moderate temperature, leading to their complete conversion into valuable hydrocarbons and HCl. The process is conducted in a reducing atmosphere of hydrogen, providing the necessary radical chain-carriers and circumventing production of soot and toxic oxychlorinated species. A large number of sites are contaminated with chlorinated hazardous wastes such as TCA, TCE, PCE, PCB, etc. These compounds have been widely used and their presence entails severe environmental concerns. All current remedial technologies are inadequate. They suffer from high cost, incomplete destruction, emission of toxic products, and disposal/liability problems. Consequently, there is a clear need for the proposed new process for the treatment of these compounds. The main objective of Phase I is to experimentally demonstrate the feasibility of converting PCBs into environmentally benign products. This objective will be met by a five-stage work plan. .Unique UV light sources will be employed and two proprietary options pursued, single-stage and two-stage processes. A detailed kinetic model for a representative PCB will be developed, and computer predictions will provide guidance to the experimental effort. Experiments with two representative PCBs will be performed in a bench-scale photo-thermal flow reactor. Successful completion of Phase I will provide the technical foundation for a comprehensive Phase II, in which a prototype demonstration unit will be designed, constructed, and tested. This novel reductive photothermal process will lead to a "green" technology for environmentally safe conversion of aromatic chlorohydrocarbons (e.g., PCBs). It will provide a unique and cost-effective clean-up technology circumventing all the problems associ ated with current methods, such as high cost and emission of soot and other toxic products. Consequently, it will be of great benefit to Federal and State governments and to the private sector in their remediation efforts.

这个SBIR一期项目提供了一种新的还原性光热工艺，用于环境安全破坏氯化芳香族化合物，如多氯联苯（pcb）。它利用紫外光在中等温度下引发多氯联苯的加氢脱氯，使其完全转化为有价值的碳氢化合物和盐酸。该过程在氢的还原气氛中进行，提供了必要的自由基链载体，并避免了烟灰和有毒氧氯化物质的产生。大量场所存在TCA、TCE、PCE、PCB等氯化危险废物污染。这些化合物已被广泛使用，它们的存在引起了严重的环境问题。目前所有的补救技术都是不够的。它们面临着高成本、不完全销毁、有毒产品排放和处置/责任问题。因此，显然需要提出处理这些化合物的新工艺。第一阶段的主要目标是通过实验证明将多氯联苯转化为环保产品的可行性。这一目标将通过一项五阶段工作计划来实现。将采用独特的紫外线光源，并追求两种专有选择，单阶段和两阶段工艺。一个典型PCB的详细动力学模型将被开发，计算机预测将为实验工作提供指导。两种典型多氯联苯的实验将在一个实验规模的光热流反应器中进行。第一阶段的成功完成将为全面的第二阶段提供技术基础，第二阶段将设计、建造和测试一个原型示范装置。这种新颖的还原性光热过程将导致一种对环境安全的芳香烃（如多氯联苯）转化的“绿色”技术。它将提供一种独特和具有成本效益的清洁技术，避免与目前方法有关的所有问题，例如高成本和排放煤烟和其他有毒产品。因此，它将对联邦和州政府以及私营部门的补救工作大有裨益。