Research in High Energy Theoretical Physics

研究将在理论基本粒子物理学的两个子领域进行。其中一个项目将涉及弦理论，这是最有希望统一自然界所有基本相互作用的理论。特别关注的是可以精确解决的模型，以提取物理见解并将其应用于现实世界。该策略是寻找明显不同的模型之间的确切关系，然后将其用于解决更困难和更现实的模型。本项目还将研究在高磁场界面中观察到的材料物理新现象的理论基础。感兴趣的现象与一类或量子统计相关，扩展了与玻色、爱因斯坦、费米和狄拉克等研究人员相关的思想。理解材料行为中丰富多样的复杂现象的理论基础加强了我们开发新材料和应用的能力。第二个项目将通过使用高性能计算机模拟继续量子色动力学（强核相互作用理论）的第一性原理研究。重点将放在测试和改进计算方法上，这些方法有望在大大降低计算成本的情况下显着扩展数值模拟的能力。新方法将使从实验结果出发，提取迄今为止关于自然界基本相互作用的最精确信息成为可能。它们还将用于探索被限制在核粒子（如核子和自由夸克-胶子等离子体）中的夸克和胶子之间的高温相变。这种相变发生在早期宇宙的演化过程中，被认为是可以在实验室中用重离子碰撞实现的，目前正在布鲁克海文国家实验室建造的RHIC加速器。这些研究对于扩展我们对物质世界和宇宙起源的最基本基础的理解非常重要。有关新的计算方法的思想很可能在其他计算领域得到应用。

Research will be carried out in two subfields of theoretical elementary particle physics. One project will deal with string theory, the most promising candidate for the unification of all the fundamental interactions in nature. Particular attention is paid to models that can be exactly solved to extract physical insights and to apply them to the real world. The strategy is to search for exact relations between apparently different models, which will be then used to solve more difficult and realistic models. This project will also investigate the theoretical basis of novel phenomena in materials physics, observed in interfaces at high magnetic field. The phenomena of interest are associated with a class or quantum statistic, extending ideas associated with researchers such as Bose, Einstein, Fermi and Dirac. Understanding the theoretical basis for the rich variety of complex phenomena in the behavior of materials strengthens our ability to develop new materials and applications. A second project will continue first principle studies of quantum chromodynamics (the theory of the strong nuclear interactions) through the use of high performance computer simulations. Emphasis is to be placed on testing and refining improved methods of computation that promise to extend dramatically the power of numerical simulation at a vastly reduced computational cost. The new methods will make it possible, starting from experimental results, to extract the most precise information to date about the fundamental interactions in nature. They will also be used to explore the high temperature phase transition between quarks and gluons confined in nuclear particles such as nucleons and the free quark-gluon plasma. Such a phase transition occurred in the evolution of the early universe and is thought to be achievable in the laboratory in collisions of heavy ions at the RHIC accelerator currently under construction at the Brookhaven National Laboratory. These studies are important for extending our understanding of the most fundamental basis of our physical world and of the origins of our universe. Ideas concerning new computational methods are likely to have applications in other computational fields.