Indian Ocean Experiment (INDOEX)

印度洋实验（INDOEX）

• 批准号: 9612886
• 负责人: James Coakley
• 金额: $ 10.08万
• 依托单位: Oregon State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-02-01 至 2002-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9612886&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Indian; Ocean; Experiment; INDOEX

9612886 Coakley The Indian Ocean Experiment (INDOEX) is an international field experiment with participation from France, Germany, India, the Netherlands, and the United States. The main effort under the U.S. component focuses on assessing the role of sulfates and other continental aerosols in global radiative forcing and is being supported jointly by the Department of Energy and the National Science Foundation. In addition, complementary studies involving investigations of a variety of related chemical and radiative processes will be undertaken by scientists from other federal agencies and other international partners. The composite observing system consists of a wide range of platforms, from ships to aircraft, as well as surface-based and balloon measuring systems, and satellite data. The main part of the three year effort will be a four-month intensive field phase which begins January 1999. The ultimate goal of this program is to obtain a better understanding of the decadal and longer time scale climate forcing. The equatorial Indian Ocean during the northeast winter monsoon season provides a unique natural laboratory for this experiment. The experimental area is probably the only place in the world where an air mass which has been modified by intense sources of continental aerosols, anthropogenic trace species, and their reaction products (e.g., sulfates and ozone) from the northern hemisphere comes into contact with the pristine air of the southern hemisphere, which has been transported via cross equatorial monsoonal flow, at the Intertropical Convergence Zone. The juxtaposition of these two very distinct air masses will allow a thorough examination of both the direct and indirect effects of the aerosols on the radiative properties of the atmosphere. Dr. Coakley will be responsible for the analysis of the AVHRR satellite data to produce the aerosol and cloud properties. Specifically, he and his colleagues will (1) extract aerosol burdens and size indices over oce ans from satellite radiances, and (2) extract visible optical depths, cloud top temperatures, and cloud droplet effective radii from radiances at 0.63, 3.7 and 11 microns as observed by the NOAA AVHRR satellite. The retrievals from the AVHRR will also be used to aid with the deployment of research vessels and help plan aircraft missions during INDOEX.

小行星9612886 印度洋实验（Indian Ocean Experiment，INDOEX）是一项国际性的实地实验，参与者包括法国、德国、印度、荷兰和美国。 美国部分的主要工作重点是评估硫酸盐和其他大陆气溶胶在全球辐射强迫中的作用，并得到能源部和国家科学基金会的联合支持。 此外，来自其他联邦机构和其他国际伙伴的科学家将进行补充研究，调查各种相关的化学和辐射过程。 该综合观测系统包括从船舶到飞机的各种平台，以及地面和气球测量系统和卫星数据。 三年努力的主要部分将是从1999年1月开始的为期四个月的实地密集阶段。 该计划的最终目标是更好地了解十年和更长时间尺度的气候强迫。 东北冬季风季节的赤道印度洋为这项实验提供了一个独特的天然实验室。 实验区可能是世界上唯一一个被大陆气溶胶、人为痕量物种及其反应产物（例如，在热带辐合带，来自北方半球的大气（包括硫酸盐和臭氧）与南半球的原始空气接触，这些空气是通过跨赤道季风流输送的。 这两种截然不同的气团的并列将允许对气溶胶对大气辐射特性的直接和间接影响进行彻底的检查。 Coakley博士将负责分析高级甚高分辨率辐射计卫星数据，以得出气溶胶和云的特性。 具体来说，他和他的同事将（1）从卫星辐射中提取几个世纪以来的气溶胶负担和尺寸指数，（2）从NOAA AVHRR卫星观测到的0.63、3.7和11微米的辐射中提取可见光深度、云顶温度和云滴有效半径。 AVHRR的检索还将用于帮助部署研究船，并帮助计划INDOEX期间的飞机任务。