Collaborative Research: Improved Instrumentation for Arctic Submarine-based Geophysical Surveys

合作研究：改进北极海底地球物理调查仪器

• 批准号: 9615283
• 负责人: Dale Chayes
• 金额: $ 172.78万
• 依托单位: Columbia University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1996-09-01 至 1999-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9615283&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Improved; Instrumentation; Arctic

This work is to develop an improved geophysical instrument package for use on US Navy nuclear-powered submarines during science cruises to the Arctic Ocean. The authors plan an integrated data acquisition system that would expand the current instrument suite to include a swath-bathymetric imaging system, a "chirp"-type low frequency bottom penetrating sonar and an integrated data logging and quality control computer system. With specifically adapted instrumentation the submarine is the only platform for underway marine geophysical surveys in the high Arctic. The proposed 12 kHz bathymetric imaging system will acquire co-registered bathymetry and backscatter from the seafloor across a swath up to 20 km wide. Data from the "chirp" sonar will, under favorable conditions, define the acoustic stratigraphy of at least the upper 100 m sediment below the seafloor. Transducers for both sonars will be housed in a single, pod secured beneath the submarine. The combined backscatter, bathymetry, "chirp" profiles and gravity anomaly data collected over the entire deep Arctic Ocean will not only provide the basis for solving some of the vexing problems of Arctic tectonics, it will also provide an essential database for planning future coring, dredging or deep sea drilling. This instrument package will make the most of the opportunity generously offered by Navy of operational support for annual submarine cruises through 1999. Critical design goals include: collection of high quality data, dockside installation (i.e. without dry-docking), boat to boat transfer with modest effort and cost; and minimization of returns from the ice canopy. The proposed development, integration and testing effort is a complex undertaking, requiring coordination between participating organizations, user community and the submarine fleet. These submarine cruises will be the only opportunity to systematically collect this data with a set of optimized instruments over the entire ocean basin. The combined suite of swath bathymetry and backscatter imagery, gravity anomaly data, bottom penetrating chirp sonar and possibly magnetometer data will provide a complete geophysical characterization of the morphology, recent sedimentology, shallow stratigraphy and deep structure of the major Arctic Ocean basins. This dataset will revolutionize our understanding of the tectonic history of the Arctic Ocean and the surrounding continents and provide essential information for other disciplines and future scientific exploration of this poorly known region.

这项工作是为了开发一种改进的地球物理仪器包，供美国海军核动力潜艇在北冰洋科学巡航期间使用。 作者计划一个综合数据采集系统，将扩大目前的仪器套件，包括一个条带测深成像系统，一个“啁啾”型低频海底穿透声纳和综合数据记录和质量控制计算机系统。 该潜艇配备了专门改装的仪器，是在北极高纬度地区进行海洋地球物理调查的唯一平台。 拟议的12千赫测深成像系统将在宽达20公里的条带上获取共同登记的测深数据和海底后向散射数据。 在有利的条件下，“啁啾”声纳的数据将确定海底以下至少100米以上沉积物的声学地层。 两个声纳的传感器将被安置在一个单独的吊舱中，固定在潜艇下面。 在整个北冰洋深海收集的反向散射、水深测量、“啁啾”剖面和重力异常数据，不仅将为解决北极构造的一些棘手问题提供基础，而且还将为规划今后的取芯、疏浚或深海钻探提供必要的数据库。 这套仪器将充分利用海军慷慨提供的机会，为1999年的年度潜艇巡航提供作战支持。 关键设计目标包括：收集高质量的数据，码头边安装（即没有干船坞），船到船的转移与适度的努力和成本;和最大限度地减少冰冠的回报。 拟议的开发、集成和测试工作是一项复杂的工作，需要参与组织、用户群体和潜艇舰队之间的协调。 这些潜艇巡航将是在整个海洋盆地使用一套优化仪器系统收集这些数据的唯一机会。 条带测深和反向散射成像、重力异常数据、海底穿透啁啾声纳以及可能的磁强计数据的综合套件将提供北冰洋主要海盆的形态、近期沉积学、浅层地层学和深层结构的完整地球物理特征。 该数据集将彻底改变我们对北冰洋和周边大陆构造历史的理解，并为其他学科和未来对这一鲜为人知的地区的科学探索提供重要信息。