Patterns and Sources of Variability in Biological Weighting Functions for UVR Inhibition of Primary Production in California Coastal Waters

加州沿海水域初级生产 UVR 抑制的生物权重函数变异模式和来源

• 批准号: 9618390
• 负责人: Barbara Prezelin
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of California-Santa Barbara
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing grant
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1997-03-15 至 2001-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9618390&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Patterns; Sources; Variability; Biological; Weighting

Significant changes in UVR climatology have occurred all latitudes, except the tropics, during the last 20 years with potentially significant consequences for coastal oceanography. There is a pressing need to understand and be able to forecast UVR effects on coastal primary production; in part because of the central role carbon fixation plays in ecosystem dynamics, in part because of the various but untested scenarios suggesting changes in production patterns in response to changing UVR climatology, and in part out of concern for the potential impact these scenarios might have on coastal societies. With prior NSF funding, we have documented that inhibition of marine primary production by solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) is widespread in phytoplankton, macroalgae, epilithic microalgae and ice algae in the Southern Ocean. To advance the spectral modeling of solar UVR effects on primary production, we measured the first of several action spectra or biological weighting functions (BWFs) quantify the spectral sensitivity of primary production to UVR inhibition under natural field conditions. We documented, for the first time, the significant variability in these spectral algorithms and identified but have not tested potential experimental, analytical and natural sources of that variability. Such knowledge is required if the predictive linkages between optical models of UVR and UVR effects on primary production are to be known. Lack of consideration of UVR effects undermines the predictive accuracy of primary production models and overlooks the regulatory roles that UVR plays in modifying cell processes that define the photoecology of phytoplankton. It is likely that the nature of the UVR challenges may differ in different ecosystems and the interactive effects on food webs may be balanced differently. A feasibility study of surface phytoplankton communities in the Santa Barbara Channel during 1995 indicate a potential for significant, but highly variable, UVR effects on surface primary production rates. Based on those findings and using proven techniques, we will define the patterns and sources of variability in BWFs for UVR inhibition of primary production in highly diverse California coastal waters and, thereby, advance spectral modeling of UVR dependent primary production. The results of this research project will also help identify the mechanisms by which UVA and UVB regulate the polychromatic biology of phytoplankton and provide insights regarding potential consequences of changing global UVB climatology on phytoplankton ecology.

过去 20 年来，除热带地区外，所有纬度地区的 UVR 气候学都发生了显着变化，对沿海海洋学可能产生重大影响。迫切需要了解并能够预测紫外线辐射对沿海初级生产的影响；部分是因为碳固定在生态系统动态中发挥着核心作用，部分是因为各种但未经测试的情景表明生产模式发生变化以应对不断变化的紫外线气候，部分是出于对这些情景可能对沿海社会产生的潜在影响的担忧。在美国国家科学基金会之前的资助下，我们已经记录了太阳紫外线辐射（UVR）对海洋初级生产的抑制在南大洋的浮游植物、大型藻类、附生微藻和冰藻中广泛存在。为了推进太阳 UVR 对初级生产影响的光谱建模，我们测量了几个作用光谱或生物权重函数 (BWF) 中的第一个，量化了自然条件下初级生产对 UVR 抑制的光谱敏感性。我们首次记录了这些光谱算法的显着变异性，并确定了但尚未测试该变异性的潜在实验、分析和自然来源。如果要了解 UVR 光学模型和 UVR 对初级生产的影响之间的预测联系，则需要这些知识。缺乏对 UVR 效应的考虑会损害初级生产模型的预测准确性，并忽视 UVR 在改变定义浮游植物光生态的细胞过程中所发挥的调节作用。不同生态系统中紫外线辐射挑战的性质可能有所不同，对食物网的相互作用影响可能会以不同的方式平衡。 1995 年对圣巴巴拉海峡表面浮游植物群落进行的一项可行性研究表明，UVR 对表面初级生产力可能产生显着但高度可变的影响。基于这些发现并使用经过验证的技术，我们将定义 BWF 变异的模式和来源，以抑制高度多样化的加州沿海水域初级生产的 UVR 抑制，从而推进 UVR 依赖性初级生产的光谱建模。该研究项目的结果还将有助于确定 UVA 和 UVB 调节浮游植物多色生物学的机制，并提供有关全球 UVB 气候变化对浮游植物生态的潜在影响的见解。