SBIR Phase I: Regulation of Moisture and Thermal Microenvironments to Improve Mycoherbicides

SBIR 第一阶段：调节水分和热微环境以改善真菌除草剂

• 批准号: 9661632
• 负责人: Yvonne Bryant
• 金额: $ 7.5万
• 依托单位: Triangle Research and Development Corporation
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1997-01-01 至 1997-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9661632&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SBIR; Phase; Regulation; Moisture; Thermal

*** 9661632 Bryant This Small Business Innovation Research Phase I project will investigate the unique combination of microencapsulation techniques and materials with biological herbicides (mycoherbicides) to offer a safe, host-specific, affordable alternative to chemical herbicides. The project will study ways to meet the critical environmental requirements of plant pathogenic fungi used as mycoherbicides and thus to make mycoherbicides practical and commercially viable for widespread agricultural use. A major limitation of mycoherbicides has been the need for fastidious moisture and temperature ranges in order for them to be effective in the field. This project will address the temperature and moisture requirements (both vital to the effectiveness of mycoherbicides) by extending (simulating) dew periods and regulating temperature on the plant surface. Novel and innovative encapsulation techniques will combine water and/or nutrient solutions with microencapsulated phase change materials (microPCMs)- developed by Triangle R&D on multiple SBIR programs from 1984 to 1996 - in a form that can he successfully applied in the field. A fungal pathogen/weed pathosystem will be selected as a model system and evaluated for compatibility of microencapsulated materials with the fungal pathogen and target weeds. The project will then design and fabricate water microcapsules to provide a range of moisture coverage periods, design and fabricate microPCMs to provide the optimum temperature range(s) and evaluate microencapsulated materials alone and in combinations to improve the weed control efficacy of the mycoherbicide. Many promising mycoherbicides have been abandoned because of their seeming incompatibility with environmental conditions in the field. If successful, the proposed work could significantly improve existing mycoherbicides, renew the development of previously abandoned mycoherbicides, and create broad applications in agriculture and environmental systems. This would lead the way to capturing a portion of the herbicide industry, which currently has annual sales in excess of 7 billion dollars. ***

*** 9661632 Bryant 这个小型企业创新研究第一阶段项目将研究微胶囊技术和材料与生物除草剂（真菌除草剂）的独特组合，以提供一种安全、针对宿主且价格实惠的化学除草剂替代品。该项目将研究满足用作真菌除草剂的植物病原真菌的关键环境要求的方法，从而使真菌除草剂在广泛的农业用途中具有实用性和商业可行性。 真菌除草剂的一个主要限制是需要严格的湿度和温度范围才能使其在田间有效。 该项目将通过延长（模拟）露水期和调节植物表面的温度来满足温度和湿度要求（两者对于真菌除草剂的有效性都至关重要）。 新颖和创新的封装技术将水和/或营养液与微封装相变材料 (microPCM) 相结合——由 Triangle R&D 在 1984 年至 1996 年间在多个 SBIR 项目中开发——以一种可以在该领域成功应用的形式。 将选择真菌病原体/杂草病理系统作为模型系统，并评估微囊材料与真菌病原体和目标杂草的相容性。然后，该项目将设计和制造水微胶囊以提供一系列水分覆盖期，设计和制造微相变材料以提供最佳温度范围，并评估单独和组合的微胶囊材料，以提高真菌除草剂的杂草控制功效。 许多有前途的真菌除草剂已被放弃，因为它们似乎与田间环境条件不相容。 如果成功，拟议的工作可以显着改善现有的真菌除草剂，重新开发以前废弃的真菌除草剂，并在农业和环境系统中创造广泛的应用。 这将导致占领除草剂行业的一部分，目前该行业的年销售额超过 70 亿美元。 ***