CAREER: Light: A Fundamental Primitive for Computer Graphics

职业：光：计算机图形学的基本原语

• 批准号: 9703399
• 负责人: Steven Gortler
• 金额: $ 20.5万
• 依托单位: Harvard University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1997-06-01 至 2001-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9703399&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Light; Fundamental; Primitive; Computer

The process of creating a virtual environment or object in computer graphics typically begins with modeling the geometric and surface attributes of the objects in the environment along with any lights. Great effort has been expended to develop computer aided design systems that allow the specification of complex geometry and material attributes. Similarly, a great deal of work has been undertaken to produce systems that simulate the propagation of light through virtual environments to create realistic images. Despite these efforts, it has remained difficult or impossible to recreate much of the complex geometry and subtle lighting effects found in the real world. The modeling problem can potentially be bypassed by capturing the geometry and material properties of objects directly from the real world using some combination of cameras, structured light, range finders, and mechanical sensing devices. When successful, the results can be fed into a rendering program to create images of real objects and scenes. Unfortunately, these systems are still unable to completely capture small details in geometry and material properties. Existing rendering methods also continue to be limited in their capability to faithfully reproduce real world illumination, even if given accurate geometric models. This project will develop techniques for using a representation of light (radiance) as a basic primitive for computer graphics. This primitive will augment the traditional geometry-based primitives used in computer graphics. This framework will provide a unified method for encoding the complete appearance of a complex model, and allow the rerendering of an object at speeds independent of the its geometric or lighting complexity. Moreover, this framework will allow one to use a video camera to sample the radiance information of a real world scene or environment. This sampled information can then be organized properly to allow for redisplay of the scene interactively from any virtual camera at any viewpoint. The research is fundamental in that it explores an entirely novel primitive for computer graphics. This primitive is one of the most natural ways to represent the complicated visual information present in a scene. The research will facilitate the interactive viewing of captured real world scenes. No other known method has the ability to directly represent the information captured by a video camera, and use this information for interactive generation of new realistic images. The success of this project will have impact in such diverse fields as simulation, interactive virtual environments computer education, the visual archival of objects, and the transmittance of the appearance of objects in 3D catalogs.

在计算机图形学中创建虚拟环境或对象的过程通常始于对环境中对象的几何和表面属性沿着任何灯光进行建模。 已经花费了大量的努力来开发允许复杂几何形状和材料属性的规范的计算机辅助设计系统。 类似地，已经进行了大量的工作来产生模拟光通过虚拟环境的传播以创建逼真图像的系统。 尽管做出了这些努力，但仍然很难或不可能重新创建在真实的世界中发现的许多复杂的几何形状和微妙的照明效果。 建模问题可以通过使用相机、结构光、测距仪和机械感测设备的某种组合直接从真实的世界捕获对象的几何形状和材料属性来潜在地绕过。 当成功时，结果可以被馈送到渲染程序中以创建真实的对象和场景的图像。不幸的是，这些系统仍然无法完全捕获几何形状和材料特性中的小细节。 现有的渲染方法也继续受限于它们忠实地再现真实的世界照明的能力，即使给定精确的几何模型。 这个项目将开发使用光（辐射）的表示作为计算机图形学的基本图元的技术。 该图元将增强计算机图形学中使用的传统的基于几何的图元。 该框架将提供一种统一的方法来编码复杂模型的完整外观，并允许以独立于其几何或照明复杂性的速度重新渲染对象。 此外，该框架将允许使用视频摄像机来采样真实的世界场景或环境的辐射信息。然后可以适当地组织该采样信息，以允许从任何视点处的任何虚拟相机交互地重新显示场景。 这项研究是基础性的，因为它探索了一种全新的计算机图形原始。 这种图元是表示场景中复杂视觉信息的最自然的方式之一。 该研究将促进交互式观看捕获的真实的世界场景。 没有其他已知的方法具有直接表示由摄像机捕获的信息的能力，并且使用该信息来交互式地生成新的真实图像。 该项目的成功将在仿真、交互式虚拟环境计算机教育、对象的可视化存档以及3D目录中对象外观的透射率等不同领域产生影响。