Sulfur Oxyanions as Indicators of Magmatic-Hydrothermal and Volcanic Processes Involving Sulfur

9706142斯库宁这个项目的目标是利用热液和酸性火山口湖中硫氧阴离子的形态作为岩浆-热液和火山作用的指示器。这项工作将集中在两个过程：1)硫的水解和2)酸性火山口湖中由于硫化氢和二氧化硫气体的排放而引起的S形态的变化。在(1)水热系统中，硫磺作为硫酸盐的来源可能是重要的，在那里，天然硫存在于地下(例如，埋藏的硫酸盐)中；以及(2)在火山口湖泊中，在静止时间，硫氧阴离子的形态很可能受胶体硫或熔融硫池的控制。随着活动的增加，火山口湖充当了含有S的岩浆气体的洗涤器。这些气体的流入极大地改变了火山口湖泊中含硫阴离子的形态(多硫酸盐SnO62-从溶液中消失)，但细节尚不清楚。研究策略是实地调查和实验工作相结合。现场工作的目标是开发一种硫氧阴离子的采样和保存方案，该方案基于这些阴离子可以保留在树脂上的概念。使用这种树脂的柱子来保存物种形成的协议将允许对世界各地的火山口湖泊和热液系统进行研究。将进行实验以模拟陨石坑湖泊中硫磺气体的硫磺水解和冷凝。

9706142 Schoonen The goal of this project is to use the sulfur oxyanion speciation of hydrothermal solutions and acid crater lakes as indicators of magmatic-hydrothermal and volcanic processes. The effort will focus on two processes: 1) sulfur hydrolysis and 2) the changes in S-speciation in acid crater lakes due to the discharge of H2S and SO2 gas. Sulfur hydrolysis may be important in (1) hydrothermal systems as a source of sulfate where native sulfur occurs in the subsurface (e.g., as buried solfataras); and (2) in crater lakes where the sulfur oxyanion speciation during quiescent times is likely to be controlled by colloidal sulfur or pools of molten sulfur. Upon increased activity, crater lakes act as a scrubber of magmatic S-bearing gases. The influx of these gases changes the sulfur oxyanion speciation in crater lakes drastically (polythionates, SnO62- , are lost from solution), but details are not understood. The research strategy is based on a combination of field work and experimental work. The goal of the field work is to develop a sampling and preservation protocol for sulfur oxyanions based on the notion that these anions can be retained on a resin. A protocol in which columns with this resin are used to preserve the speciation would allow for the study of crater lakes and hydrothermal systems around the world. Experiments will be conducted to simulate sulfur hydrolysis and condensation of sulfur gases in crater lakes.