COMMONWEALTH: Architecture and Protocols for Scalable WWW Service

万维网的惊人增长对因特网资源和Web服务器造成了相当大的压力，引起了对Web持续生存能力的许多关注。 高性能Web服务器在缓解这些性能问题方面的成功最终是有限的，除非Web服务被设计为具有内在的可伸缩性。 Commonwealth项目旨在设计、实现和评估一个原型体系结构和一组用于可伸缩Web服务的相关协议。 托管可伸缩Web服务的Commonwealth体系结构通过（1）Web站点内紧耦合节点上的并行处理，以及（2）跨松耦合Web站点的负载分布，来实现可伸缩性。 Commonwealth的基本理念是通过使用通用组件来实现性能的财富，并沿着沿着的升级路径来实现。 Commonwealth prototype将促进四个主要领域的基础研究：（1）数据放置（缓存，预取和传播协议）;（2）资源管理（调度，负载平衡和准入控制协议）;（3）网络（路由，数据包重定向和连接迁移）和（4）中间件服务（复制和资源发现）。 这些问题将特别注意高度可变性的问题，这-在主要调查员以前的工作中-已被证明对基于互联网的系统的设计构成重大问题。

The phenomenal growth of the World Wide Web is imposing considerable strain on Internet resources and Web servers, prompting numerous concerns about the Web's continued viability. The success of high-performance Web servers in alleviating these performance problems is ultimately limited, unless Web services are designed to be inherently scalable. The Commonwealth project aims to design, implement, and evaluate a prototypical architecture and a set of associated protocols for scalable Web services. The Commonwealth architecture for hosting scalable Web services allows scalability through (1) parallel processing on tightly-coupled nodes within a Web site, and (2) load distribution across loosely-coupled Web sites. Commonwealth's underlying philosophy is to achieve a WEALTH of performance through the use of COMMON components, and to do so along an incremental upgrade path. The Commonwealth protoype will catalyze basic research in four main areas: (1) Data placement (caching, prefetching, and dissemination protocols); (2) Resource management (scheduling, load balancing, and admission control protocols); (3) Networking (routing, packet redirection, and connection migration) and (4) Middleware services (replication and resource discovery). These problems will be addressed with particular attention to the issue of high-variability, which---in previous work by the principal investigators---was shown to pose significant problems for the design of Internet-based systems.