Molecular Systematics of a Rapidly Evolving Species Flock: The Mbuna (Cichlidae) of Lake Malawi

快速进化物种群的分子系统学：马拉维湖的姆布纳（丽鱼科）

• 批准号: 9707532
• 负责人: Irving Kornfield
• 金额: $ 19.33万
• 依托单位: University of Maine
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1997-09-01 至 2001-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9707532&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Molecular; Systematics; Rapidly; Evolving; Species

9707532 Kornfield Irv Kornfield of the University of Maine will employ hypervariable microsatellite markers to study the systematics and phylogeny of the mbuna , a large group of cichlid fishes of Lake Malawi, East Africa, that have obligate ties to shallow, rocky habitats.. Mbuna represent a highly speciose assemblage known for rapid and extensive diversification over a short periods of time. Mbuna thus represent an ideal model system in which to examine processes (e.g., habitat fragmentation, trophic and spatial niche shifts, interspecific agonistic interaction, and sexual selection) that are associated with speciation and adaptive radiation. Kornfield will use microsatellite markers to construct a hypothesis of relationships among major lineages within the extremely large and complex mbuna genus Pseudotopheus. The molecular phylogeny will then be compared to one based primarily on morphological and behavioral traits. Kornfield also will examine characters found in the morphology and distribution of scales. This aspect of the project will be in collaboration with E. Leppitsch of the Austrian Science Foundation. A second part of the project will be to evaluate the hypothesis that allopatric populations of mbuna that display reproductive coloration exhibit the disjunct patterns of distribution as a consequence of vicariance. An alternate hypothesis, that the similarities in reproductive coloration stem from parallelism or convergence, also will be evaluated. Resolution of phylogenetic relationships within the mbuna will provide fundamental insights into the phenomena of sexual selection and behaviorally-mediated reproductive isolation. The project involves significant collaboration with a scientist from Malawi, and is co-funded by the U.S.-Africa Program in the Division of International Programs at the NSF.

缅因大学的Irv Kornfield将使用超变微卫星标记来研究mbuna的系统分类学和系统发育，mbuna是东非马拉维湖的一大群慈鲷，它们与浅水的岩石栖息地有密切的联系。姆布纳代表了一种高度物种组合，以在短时间内迅速而广泛的多样化而闻名。因此，Mbuna代表了一个理想的模型系统，用于研究与物种形成和适应性辐射相关的过程（例如，栖息地破碎化、营养和空间生态位转移、种间相互作用和性选择）。Kornfield将使用微卫星标记来构建一个假说，假设在极其庞大和复杂的mbuna属Pseudotopheus中主要谱系之间的关系。然后将分子系统发育与主要基于形态和行为特征的系统发育进行比较。Kornfield还将研究在鳞片的形态和分布中发现的特征。这方面的项目将与奥地利科学基金会的E. Leppitsch合作。该项目的第二部分将是评估一种假设，即显示生殖着色的异域种群由于差异而表现出不相交的分布模式。另一种假设，即生殖颜色的相似性源于平行或趋同，也将被评估。在蒙纳系统发育关系的解决将提供对性选择和行为介导的生殖隔离现象的基本见解。该项目涉及与马拉维一位科学家的重要合作，由美国国家科学基金会国际项目部的美国-非洲项目共同资助。