Molecular architecture, dynamics and evolution of the synaptonemal complex

联会复合体的分子结构、动力学和进化

• 批准号: 115424766
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Ricardo Benavente
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Lehrstuhl für Zell- und Entwicklungsbiologie (Zoologie I)
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Priority Programmes
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2008-12-31 至 2015-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/115424766?language=en
• 关键词: Molecular; architecture; dynamics; evolution; synaptonemal

Synaptonemal complexes are meiosis-specific structures that mediate synapsis of homologous chro-mosomes and play a key role in recombination and chromosome segregation. The inability to assem-ble SCs has dramatic consequences for gametogenesis that can lead to infertility. The structure and functions of the SC are evolutionarily highly conserved. Remarkably, according to the literature this is not the case for the SC protein components: The comparison of SC proteins in meiosis model organ-isms as yeast, Arabidopsis, Caenorhabditis, Drosophila and mouse reveals clear differences in the primary sequences of functionally related proteins. However, here we provide preliminary evidence that major structural proteins of the SC (i.e. SYCP1 and SYCP3) would form monophyletic groups of proteins across metazoan evolution. In order to investigate this important point in detail, we propose a comparative analysis of SC structure, composition and dynamics between mammals and basal metazoans (i.e. hydra). A direct comparison of the results in hydra and mammals would provide deep insight into the essential features of meiosis over the last 600 million years of metazoan evolution.

联会复合体是减数分裂特有的结构，它介导同源染色体的联会，在重组和染色体分离中发挥关键作用。不能装配干细胞对配子发生有戏剧性的后果，可能导致不育。SC的结构和功能在进化上是高度保守的。值得注意的是，根据文献，SC蛋白的组成并非如此：对酵母、拟南芥、线虫、果蝇和小鼠等减数分裂模式器官中的SC蛋白进行比较，发现功能相关蛋白的初级序列存在明显差异。然而，我们在这里提供的初步证据表明，SC的主要结构蛋白(即SYCP1和SYCP3)将在后生动物进化过程中形成单系蛋白质群。为了详细研究这一重要问题，我们建议对哺乳动物和基础后生动物(即九头蛇)的SC结构、组成和动力学进行比较分析。对九头蛇和哺乳动物的结果进行直接比较，将有助于我们深入了解过去6亿年来后生动物进化过程中减数分裂的基本特征。