Development of a Coherent X-Ray Diffraction Instrument

9724294罗宾逊伊利诺伊大学厄巴纳香槟分校(UIUC)的科学家将在先进光子源(APS)建造一条致力于相干X射线衍射(CXD)新领域的同步加速器光束线。因为CXD的功能是从样品的整个视场收集衍射图，所以它可以用来以与全息图相同的方式重建图像。这项技术的科学潜力是巨大的，不仅因为它对微观结构的特定排列很敏感，还因为可以使用光子相关光谱观察到时间域中的结构波动。该项目汇集了UIUC物理系、材料科学与工程系和化学系的8名教职员工。该仪器将支持各种材料系统的研究，包括表面的热波动和刻面、电化学界面和包含缺陷结构的材料。新的CXF技术依赖于高亮度第三代硬X射线同步辐射光源的使用才能成功。世界上只有三个这样的来源：阿贡国家实验室的APS、格勒诺布尔的ESRF和大阪的Spring8。这种同步加速器光束线提供了许多新的洞察材料结构变化动力学的可能性，这是其他技术不可能做到的。该项目由主要研究仪器项目和多学科活动办公室共同支持。***

9724294 Robinson A synchrotron beamline dedicated to the new field of coherent x- ray diffraction (CXD) will be built at the Advanced Photon Source (APS) by scientists at the University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign (UIUC). Because CXD functions by collecting the diffraction pattern from the entire field of view at the sample, it can be used to reconstruct an image somewhat in the same way that a hologram does. The scientific potential of the technique is enormous, not only because it is sensitive to the specific arrangement of the microstructure, but also because structural fluctuations in the time domain can be observed using photon correlation spectroscopy. The project brings together eight faculty members from the departments of Physics, Materials Science and Engineering, and Chemistry at UIUC. The instrumentation will support research in a variety of material systems, including thermal fluctuations and faceting of surfaces, electrochemical interfaces, and materials containing defect structures. %%% The novel CXF technique depends on the use of high brightness, third generation hard x-ray synchrotron sources to be successful. There are only three such sources in the world: the APS at Argonne National Laboratory, the ESRF in Grenoble, and Spring8 in Osaka. This synchrotron beamline affords the potential for many new insights into the dynamics of structural changes of a wide class of materials which are not possible by other techniques. This project is co-supported by the Major Research Instrumentation program and the Office of Multidisciplinary Activities. ***