SBIR Phase I: Low-Cost, Emissions Sensor for Compression Ignition Direct Injection Engines

该小型企业创新研究第一阶段项目计划证明，压缩点火（柴油）发动机是轻型车辆的一种有吸引力的候选技术，因为它们的基线热效率比火花点火，节流汽油发动机高得多。 柴油发动机广泛用于3类至8类车辆，但在满足当前和预期的轻型排放标准之前，需要显著减少氮氧化物（NOx）和颗粒物的排放。 在中型车辆中使用目前的重型柴油发动机技术将意味着0.8-1.0克/英里（g/mi.）的NOx排放，远高于0.4g/ml的第I层标准。或0.2g/ml的ULEV标准。 此外，缺乏实时传感器技术来表征氮氧化物的排放，防止应用最新的创新控制，这可能会解决的非线性，不断变化的性质的Cl发动机动态。 在第一阶段，NeuroDyne和Ion Optics建议采用创新的IR“智能”传感技术，使用Navistar V-8柴油发动机识别和表征NOx排放。 这种组合将产生适用于柴油或火花点火发动机的小型、低功率、热稳定且成本有效的IR排放传感器。 这项工作将提供必要的反馈信息，以使下一代车辆的排放控制减少的发展。 伊顿公司已经审查了我们的设计，并提出对传感器进行beta测试，以便将其纳入其汽车和卡车设备产品线。

This Small Business Innovation Research Phase I project plans to demonstrate that compression-ignition (diesel) engines are an attractive candidate technology for light duty vehicles due to their much higher baseline thermal efficiency than spark-ignited, throttled gasoline fueled engines. Diesel engines are used extensively in Class 3 to Class 8 vehicles but will require significant reductions in emissions of oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and particulate matter before current and anticipated light duty emissions standards may be met. The use of present day heavy duty diesel engine technology in a mid-size vehicle would imply NOx emissions of 0.8-1.0 grams per mile (g/mi.), well above Tier I standards of 0.4 g/mi. or ULEV standards of 0.2 g/mi. Furthermore, the lack of real-time sensor technology to characterize NOx emissions prevents the application of recent innovations in control, which may address the nonlinear, varying nature of Cl engine dynamics. In Phase I, NeuroDyne and Ion Optics propose to apply innovative IR `smart` sensing technology to identify and characterize NOx emissions using a Navistar V-8 diesel engine. This combination will yield a small, low power, thermally stable and cost effective IR emissions sensor applicable to diesel or spark-ignition engines. This effort will provide the necessary feedback information to enable the development of reduced emissions control in next generation vehicles. Eaton Corporation has reviewed our design and has offered to beta-test the sensor for potential inclusion in their automotive and truck equipment product line.