Importance of Sorption of Organic Pollutants, and Especially PAHs, to Soot in the Environment

9800485 Gschwend这个项目的目的是确定烟灰的意义，其中大部分是在燃烧过程中产生的，在从沉积物和土壤中吸收有机污染物。烟尘对污染物的吸附限制了污染物在土壤和沉积物中的流动性，并控制了它们被生物降解的可用性。在本项目中，将从两个具有不同污染物输入历史的地点的污染沉积物中分离烟尘碳。一种是通过直接的大气沉降、风暴期间的陆地流和渗漏释放到地下水中，从邻近的土地上接收污染物。另一个地点是一个沿海港口，那里的沉积物受到多环芳烃和多氯联苯的严重污染。来自这些来源的煤烟碳将对其物理特性进行表征，将其吸附的污染物去除，然后用于实验确定其吸附特性。计划使用的多环芳烃山梨酸酯包括萘、菲和芘，表现出一系列疏水性。还将评估平面和非平面多氯联苯的混合物，以确定只有在它们分别被引入环境后才与煤烟碳接触的化合物的行为。预计该项目的结果将能够评估烟灰碳在影响工程设计过程和系统方面所起的作用，这些过程和系统用于净化被多环芳烃和其他被这类碳吸附的污染物污染的沉积物和土壤。了解烟尘碳抑制污染物释放和迁移的能力，可能在确定是否需要进行净化程序方面发挥重要作用，当发现需要时，必须进行何种程度的净化，以达到污染物与烟尘碳结合并不再构成环境威胁的水平。

9800485 Gschwend The objective of this project is to determine the significance of soot, much of which is produced during combustion processes, in sorption of organic contaminants from sediments and soil. Sorption of contaminants by soot limits the mobility of contaminants in soil and sediments and controls their availability for being degraded biologically. In this project, soot carbon will be isolated from contaminated sediments at two sites with contrasting histories of pollutant inputs. One has received contaminants from adjacent land by direct atmospheric fallout, overland flow during storms and release to groundwater from exfiltration. The other site is a coastal harbor location, sediments at which have been heavily contaminated by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and polychlorinated biphenyls. The soot carbons from these sources will be characterized for their physical properties, their adsorbed pollutants removed and then used for experimental determination of their sorption properties. The polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon sorbates planned for use include naphthalene, phenanthrene and pyrene, exhibiting a range of hydrophobicities. A mix of planar and nonplanar polychlorinated biphenyls will also be evaluated to determine the behavior of compounds that come in contact with the soot carbon only after both have been separately introduced into the environment. Results of this project are expected to enable assessment of the role that soot carbons play in influencing the engineering design of processes and systems for decontamination of sediments and soils contaminated by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and other contaminants that are sorbed to this type of carbon. Knowledge of the capacity that soot carbon has for restraining release and migration of those contaminants is likely to play an important role in determining the need for engaging in decontamination procedures, and when found to be needed, the extent to which decontamination must be practiced to reach the level at which contaminants are bound to soot carbon and no longer pose an environmental threat.