Dissertation Research: Molecular Phylogenetics and Biogeography of the Genus Myioborus (Aves, Parulinae)

论文研究：Myioborus 属（鸟纲、Parulinae）的分子系统发育学和生物地理学

• 批准号: 9801524
• 负责人: John Blake
• 金额: $ 1万
• 依托单位: University of Missouri-Saint Louis
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-06-15 至 2002-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9801524&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Dissertation; Research; Molecular; Phylogenetics; Biogeography

9801524 Blake Neotropical montane regions are areas of high diversity and endemism, and are, therefore, special areas of concern for conservation of biodiversity. Because of their island-like distribution, these montane regions provide a natural laboratory for studying processes responsible for the generation of biodiversity, including evolutionary differentiation among populations and species. In this project, we shall use mitochondrial DNA sequence data to determine the evolutionary relationships among species and populations of birds known as tropical redstarts (Myioborus). The small warblers are distributed at higher elevations from the southwestern United States to Argentina with many endemics in Central America, the Andes, and the Venezuelan highlands (Pantepui region), although a few species are widely distributed. Relationships between Venezuelan and Andean populations are enigmatic because species that appear to be the most similar sometimes are the most distant geographically. Furthermore, resolution of the intriguing question of whether species in the ancient Pantepui region of Venezuela are ancestral to Andean species or are derived from them can be only by a phylogenetic analysis of their relationships. This study will use DNA sequences to establish relationships, reconstruct the historical biogeography, and examine the evolution of body size and shape, as well as plumage coloration, in Myioborus. The results of the study will allow us to establish taxonomic limits within the genus, more accurately assess biodiversity patterns in the group, and contribute to our general understanding of organismal diversification in the Pantepui region of Venezuela and of the historical relationships between Central and South American montane avifaunas.

9801524布莱克新热带山区是高度多样化和特有的地区，因此是保护生物多样性的特别关注地区。由于它们的岛屿状分布，这些山区为研究生物多样性产生的过程提供了一个天然的实验室，包括种群和物种之间的进化分化。在这个项目中，我们将使用线粒体DNA序列数据来确定热带红雀（Myioborus）的物种和种群之间的进化关系。小莺分布在美国西南部到阿根廷的高海拔地区，在中美洲，安第斯山脉和委内瑞拉高地（Pantepui地区）有许多特有的物种，尽管少数物种广泛分布。委内瑞拉和安第斯种群之间的关系是神秘的，因为看起来最相似的物种有时在地理上是最遥远的。此外，要解决委内瑞拉古代Pantepui地区的物种是安第斯物种的祖先还是从安第斯物种衍生出来的这个有趣的问题，只能通过对它们之间关系的系统发育分析。本研究将利用DNA序列建立它们之间的关系，重建它们的历史生物地理，并研究它们的体型、形状和羽毛颜色的进化。这项研究的结果将使我们能够在属内建立分类界限，更准确地评估该群体的生物多样性模式，并有助于我们对委内瑞拉Pantepui地区的生物多样化以及中美洲和南美洲山地鸟类之间的历史关系的总体理解。