Endocrine Aspects of Aggression and Dominance in Chimpanzees

黑猩猩攻击性和支配性的内分泌方面

• 批准号: 9807448
• 负责人: Richard Wrangham
• 金额: $ 21万
• 依托单位: Harvard University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-10-01 至 2001-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9807448&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Endocrine; Aspects; Aggression; Dominance; Chimpanzees

This study will be the first to document how the concentrations of two hormones, testosterone and cortisol, are related to the social behavior and nutritional plane of wild chimpanzees. We will study two wild populations of chimpanzees (in Kibale National Park, Uganda; and Gombe National Park, Tanzania), living in habituated communities that each contain about 10 adult males. In each site we will collect urine from individuals in trees and freeze it for later analysis. We will also make systematic observations of the social behavior of adult chimpanzees, including rates of aggression and submission, sexual behavior, and alliances. We will then find out whether (as in our pilot study) testosterone and dominance are consistently related to each other among adult male chimpanzees, and if so, how both are also related to the frequency of aggression. We will also establish how levels of sexual behavior are related to both hormones, how hormonal levels change in response to group composition, and how they are related to seasonal fluctuations in food supply. By analyzing the relationship between hormones and aggression in wild chimpanzees, this study will contribute to understanding the evolution and function of the parallel system in humans.

这项研究将首次证明两种激素--睾酮和皮质醇的浓度与野生黑猩猩的社会行为和营养层面之间的关系。我们将研究两个野生黑猩猩种群(在乌干达的Kibale国家公园和坦桑尼亚的Gombe国家公园)，它们生活在习惯化的社区，每个社区大约有10只成年雄性黑猩猩。在每个地点，我们将收集树上个体的尿液，并将其冷冻以供以后分析。我们还将对成年黑猩猩的社会行为进行系统的观察，包括攻击率和顺从率、性行为和联盟。然后，我们将发现(就像我们的初步研究一样)成年雄性黑猩猩的睾丸素和支配力是否一直相互关联，如果是这样，两者如何也与攻击频率相关。我们还将确定性行为水平如何与这两种荷尔蒙相关，荷尔蒙水平如何随着群体组成的变化而变化，以及它们如何与食物供应的季节性波动相关。通过分析荷尔蒙与野生黑猩猩攻击性的关系，这项研究将有助于理解人类平行系统的进化和功能。