Species Composition and Biodiversity in Mussel Bed Communities of Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Vents

9811410 Van dover本项目利用与贻贝床相关的动物群，在不同的空间、时间和背景尺度上对深海热液喷口的生物多样性和聚合模式进行比较，包括：i)在一个喷口场内，ii)在一个喷口场3年内每年一次，iii)在一个脊段上不同年龄的喷口场之间，iv)在一个脊系统上不同扩展速率的段之间，v)在不同海洋盆地的脊系统之间。在讨论喷口生态学和深海生态学时，在这些尺度上的生物多样性对比反复出现，但迄今为止还没有定量的信息来进行比较。这项研究将从正在进行的大西洋中脊的幸运贻贝床和阿拉斯加中南部海岸的潮间带贻贝床的生物多样性比较中发展起来。在东太平洋隆起和中大西洋海岭，设计了一个密集的实地项目，对各种贻贝床进行取样。实地项目主要被设想为其他科学家开发的项目的附加项目。所有的巡航和取样都涉及到Alvin的使用。用于比较生物多样性研究的潜水地点有望包括东太平洋隆起的北纬11度、北纬9度和南纬17度（即两个“快速”和“超快速”扩散段），以及大西洋中脊的Menez Gwen、Lucky Strike和Snake Pit。海洋扩张中心的喷口生态系统提供了全球范围内碎片化元种群的极端例子。这些社区的多样性和趋同模式将为社区结构的区域尺度控制提供基本见解。

9811410 Van DoverThis project addresses pattems of biodiversity and convergence at deep-sea hydrothermal vents using fauna associated with mussel beds for comparisons at various spatial, temporal and contextual scales, including: i) within a vent field, ii) annually at a single vent field over three years, iii) among vent fields of different ages on a ridge segment, iv) among segments of different spreading rates on a single ridge system, and v) between ridge systems in different ocean basins. Biodiversity contrasts at these scales repeatedly arise in discussions of vent ecology and deep-sea ecology, but to date there is no quantitative information to allow comparisons.This research will develop from an ongoing comparison of biodiversity at Lucky Strike mussel beds on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge and an intertidal mussel bed on the south central Alaskan coast. An intensive field program is designed to sample a variety of mussel bed sites on the East Pacific Rise and Mid-Atlantic Ridge. The field programs are envisioned primarily as add-ons to programs developed by other scientists. All cruises and sampling involve the use of the Alvin. Dive sites for comparative biodiversity studies are hoped to include 11 N, 9N and 17S on the East Pacific Rise (i.e., two "fast' and "superfast" spreading segments) and Menez Gwen, Lucky Strike, and Snake Pit on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge.Vent ecosystems on oceanic spreading centers provide extreme examples of fragmented metapopulations on a global scale. Patterns of diversity and convergence in these communities will provide fundamental insights into regional-scale control of community structure.