Collaborative Research: The Demand for Female Labor

合作研究：对女性劳动力的需求

• 批准号: 9870980
• 负责人: Joan Hermsen
• 金额: $ 4.61万
• 依托单位: University of Missouri-Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-10-01 至 2001-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9870980&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Demand; Female; Labor

The proposed research will compare the effects of the demand for female labor on five outcomes for men and women: earnings, economic well-being, occupational segregation, labor force participation, and education. The goal is to replicate past, individual-level, research for each outcome and then add the labor market factors developed in prior research. This multilevel design allows examination of the contextual effect of macro-level demand for female labor on gender inequality, independent of the known individual-level determinants of that inequality. Individual-level data come principally from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics and the Census Public Use Microdata Samples. Educational outcomes will be investigated with the National Longitudinal Study of Youth. Measures of the demand for female and male labor are based on the degree to which the occupational structure is skewed towards predominantly female (or male) occupations, calculated across 261 metropolitan areas defined from the 1990 Census. This project advances knowledge in three important ways. First, it provides a systematic test of a major macro-level theory explaining gender stratification. Second, it is the first comprehensive application of recent developments in multilevel statistics to gender stratification research. Finally, it links the analysis of both situational opportunities and individual-level processes in a single design. Results will have implications not only for understanding gender stratification processes, but also to differences in economic opportunities based upon other social categories and characteristics.

这项拟议的研究将比较对女性劳动力的需求对男性和女性的五个结果的影响：收入、经济福祉、职业隔离、劳动力参与和教育。其目标是针对每个结果复制过去的个人层面的研究，然后添加先前研究中开发的劳动力市场因素。这种多层次的设计允许检查宏观层面对女性劳动力的需求对性别不平等的背景影响，而不依赖于这种不平等的已知个人层面的决定因素。个人层面的数据主要来自收入动态小组研究和人口普查公共使用微数据样本。教育成果将与国家青年纵向研究一起进行调查。对女性和男性劳动力需求的衡量是基于职业结构向以女性(或男性)为主的职业倾斜的程度，计算自1990年人口普查定义的261个大都市地区。这个项目在三个重要方面促进了知识的发展。首先，它对一个主要的宏观层面的性别分层理论进行了系统的检验。第二，这是多水平统计的最新发展在性别分层研究中的首次全面应用。最后，它在单个设计中将情景机会和个人级别流程的分析联系起来。结果不仅对理解性别分层过程有影响，而且对基于其他社会类别和特征的经济机会差异也有影响。