Acquisition of Differential GPS System for Use in Geologic Field Mapping

这笔拨款为购置用于地质制图的数字数据采集系统的费用提供部分支持。该项目负责人约翰·格罗青格（John Grotzinger）在地质野外测绘方面有着广泛的研究项目，重点是沉积和构造地质学。数字数据采集系统的使用将在三个方面显著提高该组的能力。在第一种情况下，数据以数字格式直接在现场获得，以便于输入图形工作站进行数据显示和分析。在第二种情况下，通过实施露头尺度遥感能力，可以大大加快数据获取速度。在第三种情况下，数字数据收集将允许对现场测量中的不确定性进行定义和量化。购买的设备包括一个差分GPS系统（Leica 9500），带有两个漫游车和无反射激光测距仪（Vector GIS），一个带有无反射测距仪的常规全站仪，用于绘制小范围地质特征的详细地图（Leica TM1800），以及两台便携式笔式计算机和用于数据存储和实时查看的软件。矢量GIS激光测距仪的位置测量值可以直接作为GPS接收器实时测量值的偏移量。这将允许快速绘图，以最小数量的设备和数据集合并问题。这种设备将立即用于在高度解剖的地形中沿峡谷网络侧面的陡坡和悬崖面进行测绘。通过绘制多个峡谷的陡坡，可以通过沉积岩的体积获得连续剖面。这些可以以三维形式呈现，然后在数据点之间进行插值，以提供三维地层关系的最新描述。一旦进入工作站环境，建筑元素的长度尺度和由相边界或其他地层边界定义的岩石体积可以立即量化

9904298GrotzingerThis grant provides partial support of the costs of acquiring a digital data acquisition system for use in geologic mapping. The PI, John Grotzinger, has a broad program in geologic field mapping, with emphasis on sedimentary and structural geology. Use of the digital data acquisition system will significantly increase the capability of this group in three directions. In the first case, the data is obtained directly in the field in digital format for easy input into graphics workstations for data display and analysis. In the second case, data acquisition may be greatly accelerated through the implementation of outcrop-scale remote sensing capabilities. In the third case, digital data collection will allow definition and quantification of uncertainties in field measurements.Equipment to be acquired includes a differential GPS system (Leica 9500), with two rovers and reflectorless laser range finders (Vector GIS), a conventional total station with reflectorless range finders for detailed mapping of small-scale geologic features (Leica TM1800), and two portable pen-based computers and software for data storage and real-time viewing. Position measurements from the Vector GIS laser range finder can be directly applied as offsets to measurements taken by the GPS receiver in real time. This will allow rapid mapping, with a minimum number of equipment and data set merging problems. This equipment will find immediate use for mapping along the steep slopes and cliff faces that flank the network of canyons in highly dissected terrains. By mapping the steep slopes in multiple canyons, serial sections can be obtained through volumes of sedimentary rock. These can be rendered in three dimensions and then interpolated between data points to provide state-of-the-art depictions of stratigraphic relationships in three dimensions. Once in the workstation environment, the length scales of architectural elements, and the volumes of rock defined by facies boundaries or other stratal boundaries can be immediately quantified.***