Collaborative Research: Paleoceanography of Eocene Decapod-Rich Rocks in Antarctica and Southern South America

合作研究：南极洲和南美洲南部始新世富含十足类岩石的古海洋学

• 批准号: 9909184
• 负责人: Rodney Feldmann
• 金额: $ 9.9万
• 依托单位: Kent State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2000-08-15 至 2005-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9909184&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Paleoceanography; Eocene; Decapod

Feldmann: OPP 9909184Bice: OPP 9909719AbstractThis award, provided by the Antarctic Geology and Geophysics Program of the Office of Polar Programs, supports a paleoceanographic investigation of Eocene rocks from the Antarctic Peninsula region. In order to evaluate the question of whether intervals of relative warmth in polar latitudes were seasonal or year-round, to determine seasonal temperature estimates for near-shore marine habitats, and to refine global paleoceanographic models, fossil mollusks will be collected from Eocene rocks in Antarctica and southern South America that are known to contain decapod crustaceans (crabs and lobsters). The sites at which decapod-rich rocks occur are targeted because the decapods provide a unique, diverse database on biogeographic distribution throughout the high southern latitudes. Collection of mollusks intimately associated with the decapods will permit determination of oxygen isotopic compositions (del-18-O values) necessary to provide proxy seasonal temperature estimates at the time and in the precise habitat that the decapods lived. Concomitant with that work, a series of oceanic and atmospheric circulation models will be run in which boundary conditions of atmospheric carbon dioxide and mean heat transport in climate model simulations of water circulation will be adjusted, using the GENESIS v. 2.0 atmospheric and GFDL MOM v. 2.0 ocean models. The water temperature data derived from analysis of fossil material will be used to select the most reasonable atmospheric and oceanic circulation models and to evaluate the effects of various gateways to circulation in the Antarctic region. The work will provide detailed information on seasonal variation in water temperature in near-shore environments of the high southern latitudes and will result in refined paleoecological interpretations for the decapods that will be essential to make comparisons between related fossil and extant species. The study provides a unique opportunity for paleontologists and modelers to work together in developing efficient ways to utilize specified seasonal sea surface temperature data when models are constructed. This program is collaborative between Kent State University, the lead institution, and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. Furthermore, the work is collaborative with scientists from the Instituto Antartico Argentino.

Feldmann：OPP 9909184Bice：OPP 9909719摘要该奖项由极地项目办公室的南极地质和地球物理项目提供，支持对南极半岛地区始新世岩石的古海洋学调查。为了评估极地纬度相对温暖区间是季节性还是全年的问题，确定近岸海洋栖息地的季节性温度估计，并完善全球古海洋学模型，将从南极洲和南美洲南部的始新世岩石中收集软体动物化石，这些岩石已知含有十足目甲壳类动物（螃蟹和龙虾）。富含十足类岩石的地点成为目标，因为十足类为整个南部高纬度地区的生物地理分布提供了独特、多样化的数据库。收集与十足类密切相关的软体动物将能够确定氧同位素组成（del-18-O值），以提供十足类当时和精确栖息地的代理季节温度估计。与这项工作同时进行的还有一系列海洋和大气环流模型，其中将使用 GENESIS v. 2.0 大气模型和 GFDL MOM v. 2.0 海洋模型来调整大气二氧化碳的边界条件和水环流气候模型模拟中的平均热传输。 通过化石材料分析得出的水温数据将用于选择最合理的大气和海洋环流模型，并评估南极地区各种环流门户的影响。这项工作将提供有关南部高纬度近岸环境水温季节性变化的详细信息，并将对十足目动物进行精确的古生态解释，这对于相关化石和现存物种之间的比较至关重要。这项研究为古生物学家和建模者提供了一个独特的机会，他们可以共同开发有效的方法，在构建模型时利用特定的季节性海面温度数据。该项目由牵头机构肯特州立大学和伍兹霍尔海洋研究所合作。此外，这项工作是与阿根廷南极研究所的科学家合作进行的。