Collaborative Research: Paleoceanography of Eocene Decapod-Rich Rocks in Antarctica and Southern South America

费尔德曼：OPP 9909184 Bice：OPP 9909719摘要该奖项由极地计划办公室南极地质和地球物理计划提供，支持对南极半岛地区始新世岩石的古海洋调查。为了评估极地纬度相对温暖的间隔是季节性的还是全年的问题，确定近岸海洋生物栖息地的季节性温度估计，并改进全球古海洋学模型，将从南极洲和南美洲南部的始新世岩石中收集软体动物化石，这些岩石已知含有十足类甲壳类动物(螃蟹和龙虾)。十足类富含岩石的地点之所以成为目标，是因为十足类提供了一个关于整个南部高纬度地区生物地理分布的独特、多样化的数据库。采集与十足类密切相关的软体动物将有助于确定氧同位素组成(del-18-O值)，以提供当时和十足类生活的准确栖息地的替代季节性温度估计。随着这项工作的开展，将运行一系列海洋和大气环流模型，其中将使用Genesis v2.0大气和GFDL MOM v2.0海洋模型，调整水循环气候模型模拟中大气二氧化碳和平均热量输送的边界条件。来自化石材料分析的水温数据将被用来选择最合理的大气和海洋环流模型，并评估不同门户对南极地区环流的影响。这项工作将提供有关南部高纬度近岸环境水温季节变化的详细信息，并将对十足类进行精细的古生态解释，这对于比较相关化石和现存物种至关重要。这项研究为古生物学家和模型师提供了一个独特的机会，让他们共同努力，开发有效的方法，在构建模型时利用特定的季节性海洋表面温度数据。该项目由牵头机构肯特州立大学和伍兹霍尔海洋研究所合作完成。此外，这项工作是与阿根廷南极研究所的科学家合作进行的。

Feldmann: OPP 9909184Bice: OPP 9909719AbstractThis award, provided by the Antarctic Geology and Geophysics Program of the Office of Polar Programs, supports a paleoceanographic investigation of Eocene rocks from the Antarctic Peninsula region. In order to evaluate the question of whether intervals of relative warmth in polar latitudes were seasonal or year-round, to determine seasonal temperature estimates for near-shore marine habitats, and to refine global paleoceanographic models, fossil mollusks will be collected from Eocene rocks in Antarctica and southern South America that are known to contain decapod crustaceans (crabs and lobsters). The sites at which decapod-rich rocks occur are targeted because the decapods provide a unique, diverse database on biogeographic distribution throughout the high southern latitudes. Collection of mollusks intimately associated with the decapods will permit determination of oxygen isotopic compositions (del-18-O values) necessary to provide proxy seasonal temperature estimates at the time and in the precise habitat that the decapods lived. Concomitant with that work, a series of oceanic and atmospheric circulation models will be run in which boundary conditions of atmospheric carbon dioxide and mean heat transport in climate model simulations of water circulation will be adjusted, using the GENESIS v. 2.0 atmospheric and GFDL MOM v. 2.0 ocean models. The water temperature data derived from analysis of fossil material will be used to select the most reasonable atmospheric and oceanic circulation models and to evaluate the effects of various gateways to circulation in the Antarctic region. The work will provide detailed information on seasonal variation in water temperature in near-shore environments of the high southern latitudes and will result in refined paleoecological interpretations for the decapods that will be essential to make comparisons between related fossil and extant species. The study provides a unique opportunity for paleontologists and modelers to work together in developing efficient ways to utilize specified seasonal sea surface temperature data when models are constructed. This program is collaborative between Kent State University, the lead institution, and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. Furthermore, the work is collaborative with scientists from the Instituto Antartico Argentino.