Collaborative Research: Paleoceanography of Eocene Decapod-Rich Rocks in Antarctica and Southern South America

Feldmann：该奖项由极地计划办公室南极地质和地球物理计划提供，支持对南极半岛地区始新世岩石进行古海洋学调查。为了评估极地纬度相对温暖的间隔是季节性的还是全年性的问题，为了确定近岸海洋生境的季节性温度估计值，为了完善全球古海洋学模型，将从南极洲和南美洲南部始新世岩石中收集软体动物化石，已知这些岩石中含有十足类甲壳动物（螃蟹和龙虾）。在富含十足类的岩石发生的网站是有针对性的，因为十足类提供了一个独特的，不同的数据库在整个南半球高纬度地区的地理分布。与十足类密切相关的软体动物的收集将允许确定氧同位素组成（del-18-O值），以提供在十足类生活的时间和精确的栖息地的代理季节性温度估计。在开展这项工作的同时，还将运行一系列海洋和大气环流模型，其中将使用GENESIS v.2.0大气模型和GFDL v.2.0海洋模型，调整水循环气候模型模拟中大气二氧化碳和平均热量输送的边界条件。 从化石材料分析中获得的水温数据将用于选择最合理的大气和海洋环流模型，并评价南极地区环流的各种通道的影响。这项工作将提供关于南部高纬度地区近岸环境水温季节变化的详细资料，并将导致对十足类进行更精确的古生态学解释，这对于在相关化石和现存物种之间进行比较至关重要。这项研究为古生物学家和建模者提供了一个独特的机会，共同开发有效的方法，在构建模型时利用特定的季节性海表温度数据。该方案由牵头机构肯特州立大学和伍兹霍尔海洋研究所合作。此外，这项工作是与南极研究所的科学家合作进行的。

Feldmann: OPP 9909184Bice: OPP 9909719AbstractThis award, provided by the Antarctic Geology and Geophysics Program of the Office of Polar Programs, supports a paleoceanographic investigation of Eocene rocks from the Antarctic Peninsula region. In order to evaluate the question of whether intervals of relative warmth in polar latitudes were seasonal or year-round, to determine seasonal temperature estimates for near-shore marine habitats, and to refine global paleoceanographic models, fossil mollusks will be collected from Eocene rocks in Antarctica and southern South America that are known to contain decapod crustaceans (crabs and lobsters). The sites at which decapod-rich rocks occur are targeted because the decapods provide a unique, diverse database on biogeographic distribution throughout the high southern latitudes. Collection of mollusks intimately associated with the decapods will permit determination of oxygen isotopic compositions (del-18-O values) necessary to provide proxy seasonal temperature estimates at the time and in the precise habitat that the decapods lived. Concomitant with that work, a series of oceanic and atmospheric circulation models will be run in which boundary conditions of atmospheric carbon dioxide and mean heat transport in climate model simulations of water circulation will be adjusted, using the GENESIS v. 2.0 atmospheric and GFDL MOM v. 2.0 ocean models. The water temperature data derived from analysis of fossil material will be used to select the most reasonable atmospheric and oceanic circulation models and to evaluate the effects of various gateways to circulation in the Antarctic region. The work will provide detailed information on seasonal variation in water temperature in near-shore environments of the high southern latitudes and will result in refined paleoecological interpretations for the decapods that will be essential to make comparisons between related fossil and extant species. The study provides a unique opportunity for paleontologists and modelers to work together in developing efficient ways to utilize specified seasonal sea surface temperature data when models are constructed. This program is collaborative between Kent State University, the lead institution, and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. Furthermore, the work is collaborative with scientists from the Instituto Antartico Argentino.