Air-Snow Exchange of Nitric and Nitrous Acids at South Pole

南极硝酸和亚硝酸的气雪交换

• 批准号: 9909428
• 负责人: Jack Dibb
• 金额: $ 6.9万
• 依托单位: University of New Hampshire
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2000-01-01 至 2002-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9909428&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Air; Snow; Exchange; Nitric; Nitrous

The proposed work is an addition to a four-year study of the sulfur chemistry in the antarctic atmosphere, including two summer field seasons at South Pole station, one in 1998-99 and the second to occur in 2000-01. Investigations of Sulfur Chemistry in the Antarctic Troposphere (ISCAT) is a major project, involving ten principal and senior investigators at five institutions with seven additional contributing investigators. During the 1998-99 field season ISCAT scientists found levels of reactive nitrogen in the atmospheric boundary layer at South Pole station that greatly exceeded levels predicted from standard gas phase tropospheric chemistry models. Since it is highly unlikely that these nitrogen species could have been transported in from lower latitudes, it was supposed that there is a local source within the antarctic snow cover. This supposition has enormous consequences because it means that the snow does not act as a simple accumulator and integrator of atmospheric trace gases, and that observed concentrations in snow and ice cores cannot be simply taken as reflecting atmospheric conditions at the time the snow was falling. In the 2000-01 season the observational protocol of ISCAT will include an expanded nitrogen oxide chemistry. Nitric and nitrous acid will be measured both in the atmosphere and in the snow, with the reduced data available in near-real time to guide the ISCAT observational program.

拟议的工作是对南极大气中硫化学的四年研究的补充，包括南极站的两个夏季野外季节，一个在1998-99年，第二个在2000-01年。南极对流层硫化学研究是一个重大项目，涉及五个机构的十名主要和高级研究人员，另有七名研究人员参与。在1998- 1999年实地考察期间，科学家们发现南极站大气边界层中活性氮的含量大大超过标准气相对流层化学模型预测的含量。 由于这些氮物质极不可能是从低纬度地区运来的，因此人们认为在南极积雪中有一个当地的来源。 这一假设有着巨大的影响，因为它意味着雪并不是大气痕量气体的简单累积器和积分器，而且在雪和冰芯中观测到的浓度不能简单地被认为反映了降雪时的大气状况。在2000-01年季节，ISCAT的观测协议将包括扩大的氮氧化物化学。 硝酸和亚硝酸将在大气和雪中进行测量，并以近实时的方式提供简化数据，以指导ISCAT观测计划。