Spatial and Temporal Literacy as a Content Element of Elementary and Middle School Earth Sciences Curriculum

这个K-8课程已经开发了时空推理技能与已经建立的地球科学内容标准的框架。 所使用的教学方法包括地理信息系统（GIS）的应用程序，这构成了一个强大的媒介推进学生的空间和时间素养，并满足基于标准的改革运动强调基于探究的建构主义学习，批判性思维技能，小组学习，和科学的跨学科性质。这一新课程正在圣地亚哥州立大学职前教师培训方案与K-8学生和当地学区在职教师之间互动协会的框架内制定和实施。 强有力的形成性评估允许新课程的迭代开发。 从SDSU通识教育计划的K-8职前教师招聘和培训，提出新的课程材料服务的双重目的提供“在职培训”的职前教师，同时学习地球科学的内容。圣地亚哥州立大学拥有强大的基础设施来支持课程开发，因为圣地亚哥大都市区的小学和中学包括来自不同种族和社会经济背景的学生。 该项目的成果正在通过网络、光盘、专业会议和出版物传播。

This K-8 curriculum has developed spatial-temporal reasoning skills with the framework of already established Earth Sciences content standards. The instructional methods used include applications of geographic information systems (GIS), which constitutes a powerful medium advancing spatial and temporal literacy of students, and satisfies the standards-based reform movements emphasis on inquiry-based constructivists learning, critical thinking skills, group learning, and the interdisciplinary nature of science. This new curricula is being developed and implemented within the framework of an interactive association between the San Diego State University pre-service teacher training program, and K-8 students and in-service teachers from local school districts. The strong formative assessment allows for iterative development of new curricula. K-8 pre-service teachers from the SDSU Liberal Studies program are recruited and trained to present the new curriculum materials serving the dual purpose of providing "on-the-job-training" for pre-service teachers, while learning Earth Science content. San Diego State University has a strong infrastructure to support curriculum development because the elementary and middle schools in the San Diego metropolitan area include students from diverse ethnic and socioeconomic backgrounds. Results of this project are being disseminated via the Web, CD-ROMs, professional meetings and publications.