POWRE: Experimental Study of Water-Rock Interactions on Mars

POWRE：火星上水-岩石相互作用的实验研究

• 批准号: 9973345
• 负责人: Leslie Baker
• 金额: $ 6.96万
• 依托单位: Regents of the University of Idaho
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-10-01 至 2001-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9973345&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: POWRE; Experimental; Study; Water; Rock

9973345BakerStatic and flow-through hydrothermal experiments will be performed on mafic and ultramafic rock compositions similar to those known to exist on the surface of Mars. Experiments will be performed at temperatures from 25-400 degrees C using CO2 -saturated aqueous fluids or CO2 -steam mixtures. The fluid compositions used will range in salinity from 1000 ppm to several wt % total dissolved chloride and sulfate, and in starting pH from 2 to 8.5. Fluid - rock ratios will range from 20:1 to 1:20. Temperature and fluid-rock ratio are expected to strongly control the extent of alteration, while fluid composition should affect the mineral assemblage produced. The results of these experiments will be used to determine the conditions under which known Martian rock samples such as ALH84001 were altered by fluids in the Martian crust. This information will provide insight into the amount of water to which known Martian rocks have been exposed and thereby into past hydrologic conditions and the water budget in the Martian crust. It will also indicate the conditions under which primitive life forms might have existed in ancient hydrothermal environments on Mars. Finally, the experimental data should aid in the interpretation of any new Martian rock samples acquired either as meteorites or by sample-return missions.

9973345Baker 将对与火星表面已知存在的类似的镁铁质和超镁铁质岩石成分进行静态和流通热液实验。 实验将在 25-400 摄氏度的温度下使用 CO2 饱和水性液体或 CO2 蒸汽混合物进行。 所使用的流体组合物的盐度范围为1000ppm至几个重量％的总溶解氯化物和硫酸盐，并且起始pH为2至8.5。 流体-岩石比例范围为 20:1 至 1:20。 温度和流体-岩石比率预计将强烈控制蚀变的程度，而流体成分应影响所产生的矿物组合。 这些实验的结果将用于确定已知的火星岩石样本（例如 ALH84001）被火星地壳中的流体改变的条件。 这些信息将有助于了解已知火星岩石所暴露的水量，从而了解过去的水文条件和火星地壳中的水收支情况。 它还将表明原始生命形式可能存在于火星古代热液环境中的条件。 最后，实验数据应该有助于解释作为陨石或样本返回任务获得的任何新的火星岩石样本。