Virtual Prototyping for Human-Centric Design

以人为本的设计的虚拟原型

• 批准号: 9978603
• 负责人: John Hollerbach
• 金额: $ 43.1万
• 依托单位: University of Utah
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-10-01 至 2004-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9978603&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Virtual; Prototyping; Human; Centric; Design

This grant provides funding for the simulation of the sense of contact and force when interacting with human-centric mechanical CAD designs. Human-centric CAD designs are those whose ultimate purpose is to be used by humans, for example, a car's interior design. The location and feel of surfaces, and the accessibility and manipulability of controls, will be prototyped through force feedback from a haptic interface, the Sarcos Dextrous Arm Master. The use of the Sarcos Master allows a user to reach and grasp naturally, and to feel both external forces of contact and internal forces of grasping. Utilizing directly the underlying complex geometries of the design (trimmed NURBS surfaces), surface-to-surface geometrical computations will be developed to model the bumping of the arm when reaching and the grasping by the hand of controls. A global minimum distance calculation will identify areas of potential contact, and then fast local surface tracing computations will model detailed geometrical interaction. Realistic surface models for friction, texture, and softness will be developed based on measurements of real surfaces. The mechanical action of controls such as switches will be similarly modeled.The goal of virtual prototyping is to replace physical mockups with computational mockups, thereby greatly decreasing costs and speeding up iterations in the design. When a design's purpose is to be used by a human, it is similarly desirable to prototype a human's interaction with the design without building a physical prototype. To date only stereoscopic visual displays have been available to examine a design, but a complete evaluation should allow designers to reach, touch, grasp, and manipulate virtual objects in the design, as if using their own arms against real objects. The determination of how easy it is to reach and manipulate controls in a cluttered car interior will lead to more ergonomically satisfactory designs.

该赠款为与以人为中心的机械 CAD 设计交互时的接触感和力感模拟提供资金。 以人为本的 CAD 设计是指最终目的是供人类使用的设计，例如汽车的内饰设计。 表面的位置和感觉，以及控件的可访问性和可操作性，将通过触觉界面（Sarcos Dextrous Arm Master）的力反馈进行原型设计。 Sarcos Master 的使用使用户能够自然地伸手和抓握，并感受到接触的外力和抓握的内力。 直接利用设计的底层复杂几何形状（修剪的 NURBS 曲面），将开发表面到表面的几何计算，以模拟手臂伸手时的碰撞以及用手抓握的情况。 全局最小距离计算将识别潜在接触区域，然后快速局部表面追踪计算将模拟详细的几何相互作用。 将根据真实表面的测量来开发摩擦、纹理和柔软度的真实表面模型。 开关等控件的机械动作也将进行类似的建模。虚拟样机的目标是用计算模型取代物理模型，从而大大降低成本并加快设计迭代。 当设计的目的是供人类使用时，同样需要在不构建物理原型的情况下对人类与设计的交互进行原型化。 迄今为止，只有立体视觉显示器可用于检查设计，但完整的评估应该允许设计人员接触、触摸、抓握和操纵设计中的虚拟对象，就像用自己的手臂对抗真实物体一样。 确定在杂乱的汽车内饰中触及和操纵控制装置的容易程度将导致更符合人体工程学的设计。