Seismic Properties of Rocks from an Active Volcanic System: Long Valley Caldera, California

活跃火山系统岩石的地震特性：加利福尼亚州长谷火山口

• 批准号: 9980548
• 负责人: Barbara John
• 金额: $ 14.62万
• 依托单位: University of Wyoming
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2000-02-01 至 2004-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9980548&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Seismic; Properties; Rocks; Active; Volcanic

EAR-9980548: David M Fountain and Barbara E John Advances in high-resolution seismic techniques indicate that it may be possible to image plumbing systems of active or dormant explosive volcanic systems. In order to interpret P- and S- wave velocity data obtained from these studies, it is important to thoroughly understand the variables that control seismic velocities (magma, hydrothermal alteration, fractures, rock porosity, water and/or steam saturation, elevated pore pressure of water and/or steam, and variations rock composition). Toward this end, this research project will investigate the physical properties of rocks comprising the large Long Valley Caldera, California. Intensive geophysical experiments, geological studies, and drilling in the hydrothermal system provide an unparalleled view of the interior of a large caldera system. Samples from the numerous intracaldera drill-holes, including the Long Valley Exploratory Well, afford an opportunity to examine variations in seismic velocities of rocks within the upper three kilometers of the caldera. These drill-holes penetrate the main intracaldera components of this giant volcanic system: various post-caldera rhyolites and basalts, the Bishop Tuff, and Sierran basement rocks. Laboratory measurements will be conducted on core recovered from intracaldera drill-holes and outflow deposits and include P- and S- wave velocities as a function of confining pressure, pore fluid pressure, and temperature. Companion analysis of mineralogical and chemical composition, pore geometry, pore volume, density, nature and degree of alteration, and other textural parameters will allow quantification of the controls on seismic velocity. This study will be the first systematic study of the seismic properties of the constituents of large explosive silicic caldera systems measured at elevated confining pressure, high temperature, and pore pressure.

电话：[phone]大卫M喷泉和芭芭拉E约翰在高分辨率地震技术的进展表明，它可能是可能的图像管道系统的活动或休眠的爆炸性火山系统。为了解释从这些研究中获得的P波和S波速度数据，重要的是要彻底了解控制地震速度的变量（岩浆、热液蚀变、裂缝、岩石孔隙度、水和/或蒸汽饱和度、水和/或蒸汽的孔隙压力升高以及岩石成分变化）。为此，本研究项目将调查构成加州大长谷火山口的岩石的物理性质。密集的地球物理实验，地质研究和热液系统的钻探提供了一个巨大的破火山口系统内部的无与伦比的视图。从众多的火山口内钻孔（包括长谷勘探井）中采集的样本，提供了一个机会，可以检查火山口上部3公里范围内岩石的地震速度变化。这些钻孔穿透了这个巨大火山系统的主要火山口内成分：各种后火山口流纹岩和玄武岩，主教凝灰岩和Sierran基底岩石。 实验室测量将在从intracaldera钻孔和流出沉积物中回收的岩心上进行，包括作为围压、孔隙流体压力和温度函数的P波和S波速度。对矿物学和化学成分、孔隙几何形状、孔隙体积、密度、蚀变性质和程度以及其他结构参数的伴随分析将允许对地震速度的控制进行量化。这项研究将是第一个系统的地震特性的组成部分的大型爆炸性破火山口系统测量围压，高温和孔隙压力。