Theoretical Studies of Superconductivity and Superfluidity

该基金支持相干物质性质的理论研究：超导体，玻色凝聚体和费米液体。 在超导体中，PI选择问一个问题：“在没有理论偏见的情况下，仅仅从实验观察到的正常状态行为的研究中，我们可以了解超导性多少？”“更具体地说，可以从现有的和计划中的电子能量损失光谱学和光学实验中学到什么。 该项目预计将提供重要的线索，为在高温下发生超导性所需的一般条件。 在玻色凝聚原子碱性气体领域，该项目侧重于突然硬扰动后的弛豫，例如，突然耦合的两个非耦合子系统的弛豫，亚稳态（环中的载流状态）的弛豫以及其他类似情况。 最后，将有一个超冷费米系统的第一原理计算，在强烈的局部加热，与早期的分析基础上发展的想法在早期宇宙的背景下的影响。该补助金支持杰出PI的理论研究，以其独特，创新和富有洞察力的方法来解决相干物质中的基本问题而闻名。 大多数项目都试图更深入地了解所涉及的问题。 在超导体中，PI问道：“高温下发生超导性的一般条件是什么？”“他计划在仔细研究一些特殊实验的基础上尝试一个答案。 在玻色凝聚的原子碱气体（BEC）中，他想研究弛豫过程，这会使当前的理论方法能力紧张，从而建立更好的理论。 最后还有超冷系统的弛豫实验，在空间的一个小区域内受到强烈加热。 这些实验已经使用在早期宇宙背景下发展的思想进行了分析。 最后一个项目涉及对这些实验的仔细的、基础性的研究。

This grant supports theoretical research in the properties of coherent matter: superconductors, Bose condensates and Fermi liquids. In superconductors, the PI chooses to ask a question, "How much can we learn about superconductivity, without theoretical preconceptions, simply from a study of the experimentally observed normal-state behavior?" More specifically what can be learned from existing and planned experiments on electron-energy-loss spectroscopy and optics. The project is expected to provide important clues as to the generic conditions necessary for the occurrence of superconductivity at high temperatures. In the area of Bose condensed atomic alkali gases, the project focuses on relaxation following a sudden, hard perturbation, for example, relaxation of two uncoupled subsystems which have been suddenly coupled, relaxation from a metastable (current-carrying state in an annulus) state and other similar situations. Finally, there will be first-principle calculations of an ultra-cold Fermi system, following intense local heating, with implications for an earlier analysis based on ideas developed in the context of early universe.%%%This grant supports the theoretical research of a distinguished PI, noted for his unique, innovative and insightful approach to fundamental problems in coherent matter. Most of the projects attempt a deeper understanding of the problems involved. In superconductors, the PI asks, "What are the generic conditions for the occurrence of superconductivity at high temperatures?" He plans to attempt an answer based on a careful study of some special experiments. In Bose-condensed atomic alkali gases (BEC) he wants to study relaxation processes, which strain the abilities of current theoretical approaches, thereby, building better theories. Finally there are experiments on relaxation of ultra-cold systems, subjected to intense heating in a small region in space. These experiments have been analyzed using the ideas developed in the context of early universe. The last project concerns a careful, fundamental study of these experiments.***