Theoretical Studies of Superconductivity and Superfluidity

超导与超流性理论研究

• 批准号: 9986199
• 负责人: Anthony Leggett
• 金额: $ 45万
• 依托单位: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2000-02-01 至 2004-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9986199&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Theoretical; Studies; Superconductivity; Superfluidity

This grant supports theoretical research in the properties of coherent matter: superconductors, Bose condensates and Fermi liquids. In superconductors, the PI chooses to ask a question, "How much can we learn about superconductivity, without theoretical preconceptions, simply from a study of the experimentally observed normal-state behavior?" More specifically what can be learned from existing and planned experiments on electron-energy-loss spectroscopy and optics. The project is expected to provide important clues as to the generic conditions necessary for the occurrence of superconductivity at high temperatures. In the area of Bose condensed atomic alkali gases, the project focuses on relaxation following a sudden, hard perturbation, for example, relaxation of two uncoupled subsystems which have been suddenly coupled, relaxation from a metastable (current-carrying state in an annulus) state and other similar situations. Finally, there will be first-principle calculations of an ultra-cold Fermi system, following intense local heating, with implications for an earlier analysis based on ideas developed in the context of early universe.%%%This grant supports the theoretical research of a distinguished PI, noted for his unique, innovative and insightful approach to fundamental problems in coherent matter. Most of the projects attempt a deeper understanding of the problems involved. In superconductors, the PI asks, "What are the generic conditions for the occurrence of superconductivity at high temperatures?" He plans to attempt an answer based on a careful study of some special experiments. In Bose-condensed atomic alkali gases (BEC) he wants to study relaxation processes, which strain the abilities of current theoretical approaches, thereby, building better theories. Finally there are experiments on relaxation of ultra-cold systems, subjected to intense heating in a small region in space. These experiments have been analyzed using the ideas developed in the context of early universe. The last project concerns a careful, fundamental study of these experiments.***

该基金支持相干物质特性的理论研究：超导体、玻色凝聚物和费米液体。在超导体方面，PI选择提出这样一个问题：“如果没有理论上的先入之见，仅仅从实验观察到的正常状态行为的研究中，我们能对超导性了解多少？”更具体地说，可以从现有的和计划中的电子能量损失光谱和光学实验中学到什么。该项目有望为在高温下发生超导性所需的一般条件提供重要线索。在玻色凝聚原子碱气体领域，该项目重点研究突然硬扰动后的弛豫，例如，突然耦合的两个不耦合子系统的弛豫，亚稳态（环空载流状态）状态的弛豫以及其他类似情况。最后，将有一个超冷费米系统的第一性原理计算，在强烈的局部加热之后，对早期基于早期宇宙背景下发展的思想的早期分析产生影响。该基金支持一位杰出的PI的理论研究，以其对相干物质的基本问题的独特，创新和深刻的方法而闻名。大多数项目都试图更深入地理解所涉及的问题。在超导体中，PI问道：“高温下超导性发生的一般条件是什么？”他计划在仔细研究一些特殊实验的基础上尝试一个答案。在玻色凝聚的原子碱气体（BEC）中，他想研究松弛过程，这一过程使当前理论方法的能力变得紧张，从而建立更好的理论。最后，在空间的一个小区域内，进行了超冷系统的弛豫实验。这些实验是用在早期宇宙背景下发展起来的思想来分析的。最后一个项目是对这些实验进行仔细的、基础的研究