Dynamical and Structural Studies of Liquid Crystal Phases

本项目旨在研究自由悬浮液晶薄膜及其潜力。 自由悬浮膜是凝聚态科学中的一种重要结构。 它们是已知最薄的稳定凝聚相结构，具有任何凝聚相制备的最大表面积与体积比，使其成为研究维度，波动和界面效应的理想选择。 重点将放在（i）研究倾斜近晶薄膜的极化结构，包括纵向极化效应（倾斜平面中的铁电有序）和横向极化（铁电有序垂直于倾斜平面）;（ii）调查的近晶相形成的香蕉或弓形分子的膜和丝;（iii）二维XY系统中拓扑缺陷湮灭和取向动力学的研究;（iv）倾斜近晶薄膜中的取向动力学;（v）转移到固体衬底上的薄膜的电子显微镜。 此外，近晶相液晶的结构也将通过探索近晶相的结构和相互作用来研究。 一种新的三维几何结构中的焦点缺陷，并通过研究由二炔类脂质形成的小管的X射线衍射和视频显微镜，追求最近的发现，即小管由二炔类脂质形成，追求最近的发现，即小管形成过程是非手性的。本计画所探讨的课题，将对平板显示、液晶复合材料、光子带隙结构等新技术，有重大的科技贡献。

This project is aimed at the study and potential of freely suspended liquid crystal films. Freely suspended films are structures of fundamental interest in condensed matter science. They are the thinnest known stable condensed phase structures and have the largest surface-to-volume ratio of any condensed phase preparation, making them ideal for studies of dimensionality, fluctuation, and interface effects. The focus will be on (i) studies of the polarization structure of tilted smectic films including effects of longitudinal polarization (ferroelectric ordering in the tilt plane) and transverse polarization (ferroelectric ordering normal to the tilt plane); (ii) investigation of films and filaments of smectic phases formed from banana or bow-shaped molecules; (iii) study of topological defect annihilation and orientational dynamics in 2D XY systems; (iv) orientation dynamics in tilted smectic films; (v) electron microscopy of films transferred to solid substrates. In addition the structure of smectic liquid crystals will also be studied by probing the structure and interactions of smectic. A focal defects in a novel three dimensional geometry, and by investigating the x-ray diffraction and video microscopic of the tubules formed by the diacetylenic lipids, pursuing recent findings that the tubules formed by the diacetylenic lipids, pursuing recent findings that the tubule formation process is achiral.%%%The topics explored in this project will have a significant scientific and technological imput on new technologies such as flat panel display, liquid crystal composites, and photonic band gap structures.