DISSERTATION RESEARCH: A Hormonal Mechanism for the Maternal Transduction of Ecological Conditions to the Avian Embryo

论文研究：母体生态条件向禽类胚胎传导的激素机制

• 批准号: 0073147
• 负责人: Hubert Schwabl
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Washington State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2000-06-15 至 2002-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0073147&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: DISSERTATION; RESEARCH; Hormonal; Mechanism; Maternal

Maternal effects occur when a female modifies her offspring in a manner not attributable solely to the offspring's genes. Often these effects are influenced by the ecological environment of the mother, but how ecological conditions are transmitted through the mother to her offspring are poorly understood. This proposal involves the investigation of the hormonal mechanisms by which mother birds modify the avian embryo's hormonal milieu according to food availability in the maternal environment. Preliminary findings in the American kestrel indicate that food availability influences the laying female's blood-plasma levels of the hormone prolactin, that her plasma prolactin influences how much androgen hormone she deposits in her egg yolks, and that yolk androgens affect offspring survival. However, it is not known if food affects yolk androgen levels. In this proposal, food availability will be manipulated to determine how it affects yolk androgen levels.Maternal effects are ubiquitous in nature, occurring in numerous plant species, insects, and all classes of vertebrates. This study may reveal a mechanism by which ecological conditions such as food availability may be transduced to the avian embryo. A mechanistic link from the environment, through the mother, and to the offspring has been described in few if any organisms.

当女性以不仅归因于后代基因的方式修饰后代时，就会发生孕产妇的影响。这些影响通常受母亲的生态环境的影响，但是对母亲的生态状况如何传播给她的后代。该提案涉及对荷尔蒙机制的调查，根据孕产妇环境中的粮食供应，母鸟修改了鸟类胚胎的荷尔蒙环境。 美国卵黄中的初步发现表明，食物的可用性会影响雌性催乳素激素的血质量水平，因此她的血浆催乳素会影响她沉积在卵蛋黄中的雄激素，而蛋黄的雄激素会影响蛋黄雄激素影响下源的生存。但是，尚不清楚食物是否影响蛋黄雄激素水平。在此提案中，将操纵食物的可用性以确定其如何影响蛋黄雄激素水平。母体效应本质上是无处不在的，发生在许多植物，昆虫和所有脊椎动物中。这项研究可能揭示了一种机制，即生态条件（例如食物的可用性）可能会被转移到禽类胚胎中。从环境中，通过母亲和后代的机械联系很少有任何生物。