Phylogeny and Androecial Diversification of Loasaceae

山药科的系统发育和雄果多样化

• 批准号: 0075249
• 负责人: Larry Hufford
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Washington State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2000-09-01 至 2004-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0075249&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Phylogeny; Androecial; Diversification; Loasaceae

0075249Hufford Systematics research includes the study of phylogenetic or genealogical relationships among species and genera, and the analysis of how morphological diversity arises within lineages. Dr. Larry Hufford at Washington State University is studying morphological diversity in floral forms, especially in the complex staminal configurations, in the plant family Loasaceae, emphasizing the large genus Mentzelia (blazing stars) and the subfamily Loasoideae. Although a relatively small family in terms of number of species (ca. 325 total), Loasaceae comprise taxa with a wide range of stamen numbers, configurations, and modifications. Taxonomists have used many of these features as characters to recognize distinct genera within the family, but discrepancies with other character evidence have suggested that some of these staminal characters have evolved multiple times, possibly in multiple ways, within Loasaceae, perhaps in association with shifts in pollination. An independent assessment of evolutionary relationships within the family will be made using DNA sequence data collected from nuclear and chloroplast genes, for ca. 114 species and for numerous outgroup taxa in the Hydrangeaceae and other related families. With a robust phylogenetic tree as framework, comparisons can be made between closely related species where the direction of morphological change can reasonably be inferred. Tissue- and organ-level changes in flower development will be studied with light and scanning electron microscopy, to determine whether similar or different patterns of organ formation underlie the various staminal configurations observed in Loasaceae. The study of floral form in Loasaceae represents an early step in the fusion of phylogenetic analysis with morphological transformation. In particular, the study attempts to resolve within Loasaceae what are apparent floral trends in synorganization (unitary growth of formerly separate organs) and juvenilization (early and truncated development that preserves juvenile features as the final "adult" form in the flower).

0075249赫福德系统学研究包括物种和属之间的系统发育或谱系关系的研究，以及谱系内形态多样性如何产生的分析。华盛顿州立大学的 Larry Hufford 博士正在研究 Loasaceae 植物花型的形态多样性，特别是复杂的雄蕊构型，重点关注大型 Mentzelia 属（炽星）和 Loasoideae 亚科。尽管就物种数量而言，该科相对较小（总共约 325 个），但Loasaceae 的类群具有广泛的雄蕊数量、构造和变异。分类学家已使用其中许多特征作为性状来识别该科内的不同属，但与其他性状证据的差异表明，其中一些雄蕊性状在山药科内可能以多种方式多次进化，可能与授粉的变化有关。将使用从核和叶绿体基因收集的 DNA 序列数据对家族内的进化关系进行独立评估。 114 个物种以及绣球科和其他相关科中的众多外类群。以强大的系统发育树为框架，可以在密切相关的物种之间进行比较，从而可以合理地推断形态变化的方向。将通过光学和扫描电子显微镜研究花发育过程中的组织和器官水平的变化，以确定在Loasaceae中观察到的各种雄蕊构造是否存在相似或不同的器官形成模式。 对Loasaceae花形态的研究代表了系统发育分析与形态转化融合的早期步骤。特别是，该研究试图解决Loasaceae内部在协同组织（以前独立的器官的单一生长）和幼年化（早期和截断的发育，保留幼年特征作为花的最终“成年”形式）方面的明显花卉趋势。