Binary SuperGrating Optics - An Enabling Concept and Explorations

二元超光栅（BSG）是一种新的概念，使一类新的导波器件：波长选择光学，它提供定制的WDM滤波，WDM耦合/路由，波前和光谱整形。从概念上讲，BSG可以被视为布拉格光栅到频率空间的扩展，很像光子带隙概念可以被视为布拉格光栅到3D真实的空间的扩展。BSG采用简单的两级等尺寸实现，将此限制转化为资产：制造公差大大减轻，性能几乎不受工艺非线性和缺陷的影响。BSG的概念可以很容易地应用到各种各样的光学器件和功能，大大提高，往往是前所未有的性能characteristics.We建议建立在我们的第一个概念和实验演示，发展BSG的概念成为一个使能技术的波长选择性器件的广泛类别。使用无源通道波导，我们将实现BSG设计与数字信号处理技术相结合，并探讨相应的性能限制。在有源区，我们将实现自准直多波长激光器（SCMWLs），检查BSG行为与复折射率。我们还将开发图案转移方法，以允许BSG器件的大规模生产，促进行业的接受。我们希望，这些努力将产生充分利用这一令人兴奋的新技术所必需的更广泛的理解。

The Binary SuperGrating (BSG) is a novel concept enabling a new class of guided-wave devices: wavelength-selective optics, which offers customized WDM filtering, WDM coupling/routing, and wavefront and spectral shaping. Conceptually, BSG can be regarded as an extension of the Bragg grating to frequency space, much like the photonic bandgap concept can be viewed as an extension of the Bragg grating to 3D real space. The BSG utilizes a simple two-level equal-size implementation, turning this constraint into an asset: fabrication tolerances are greatly eased, and performance is virtually immune to process non-linearities and defects. The BSG concept can readily be applied to a wide variety of optical devices and functionalities, with greatly improved and often unprecedented performance characteristics.We propose to build on our first conceptual and experimental demonstrations, to develop the BSG concept into an enabling technology for a broad class of wavelength-selective devices. Using passive channel waveguides, we will implement BSG designs synthesized with techniques adapted from digital signal processing, and explore the corresponding performance limits. In the active regime, we will implement self-collimated multi-wavelength lasers (SCMWLs), to examine BSG behaviour with complex refractive index. We will also develop pattern-transfer methods that would permit mass-production of BSG devices, facilitating industry acceptance. It is our hope that these efforts will produce the broadened understanding necessary to take full advantage of this exciting new technology.