Students as Laboratory and Field Physiologists: Start to Finish.

生物科学（61）为了让本科生为生理学和一般科学的研究做好准备，我们提供了一个在实验室环境中模拟调查研究的环境。学生负责实验设计，在与生理学实验室相似的设备上进行数据收集，使用通常用于该研究领域的数据分析软件，并学习将研究结果传达给科学界。我们正在适应与美国国家科学基金会在维拉诺瓦大学的支持下推出的模型，并利用在生理学教育文献中发表的学生发起的实验设计的想法。由于学生们在3至4名学生的小组中从事这些项目，团队建设和合作研究技能正在发展，这对所有进入我们领域的科学家来说都是必不可少的，因为我们非常重视合作多研究者和多学科研究。在这个基于探究的实验室课程的第一部分，学生参与适度结构化的实验室练习，使他们熟悉iWORX系统-一个计算机驱动的数据采集和分析站与在线模拟和教学支持。在这些介绍性练习中，学生选择4个实验室实验，研究体重和温度对鱼类代谢率（耗氧量）的影响，疲劳对肌肉收缩的影响，运动对心肺生理学的影响以及人类液体平衡和身体成分的调节。在课程的第二部分，学生设计，进行，分析和报告一组调查的基础上进一步研究以前的实验室实验系统之一，或在一个比较模型，更密切地模拟生理研究在现场设置。一种可能性是使用间接量热法（氧气和二氧化碳气体分析仪）和可用于远程监测潜水脊椎动物的最新技术（时间深度记录仪）来调查海龟的代谢率和潜水模式之间的关系。或者，可以通过测量血液代谢物（分光光度法）研究灰海豹幼仔自然禁食期间的血液化学变化。学生负责这些调查发展的各个方面，从开始的假设到课程结束时正式会议风格的数据演示。获得支持这门课程的设备也增加了我们通过高级论文研究项目支持有动力的学生进行更深入的科学探究的能力。

Biological Sciences (61) To prepare undergraduate students for research in physiology and the sciences in general, we are providing an environment that simulates investigative research in a laboratory setting. Students are taking responsibility for the design of experiments, undertaking data collection on equipment that is similar to that seen in a working physiology laboratory, using data analysis software typically used in this area of research, andlearning to communicate results of research to the scientific community. We are adapting from models introduced with NSF support at Villanova University and utilizing ideas on student-initiated experimental design published in the physiology education literature. As students are working on these projects in small groups of 3 to 4 students, team building and cooperative research skills are being developed that are essential to all scientists entering our field where there is a very strong emphasis on collaborative multi-investigator and multi-disciplinary research. During the first part of this inquiry-based laboratory course students are involved in moderately structured laboratory exercises that allows them to become familiar with the iWORX system - a computer driven data acquisition and analysis station linked with on-line simulation and instructional support. In these introductory exercises students conduct a selection of 4 laboratory experiments that investigate the effect of body mass and temperature on metabolic rate (oxygen consumption) in fishes, the effect of fatigue on muscle contraction, the effect of exercise on cardio-respiratory physiology and the regulation of fluid balance and body composition in humans. During the second part of the course, students design, conduct, analyze and report on one group investigation based on further study of one of the previous laboratory experimental systems or on a comparative model that more closely simulates physiological research in a field setting. One possibility is to investigate the relationships between metabolic rate and diving patterns of marine turtles using indirect calorimetry (oxygen and CO2 gas analyzers) and the most current technology available for the remote monitoring of diving vertebrates (time depth recorders). Alternately, blood chemistry changes during natural fasting of grey seal pups could be studied through the measurement of blood metabolites (spectrophotometric assays). Students are responsible for all aspects of the development of these investigations, from the starting hypothesis to the finishing formal conference style presentations of data at the end of the course. The equipment acquired to support this course is also increasing our ability to support motivated students in more intensive scientific inquiry through senior thesis research projects.